Map of the Roman Civil War (49 - 45 BCE): Caesar, Pompey, and the Fall of the Republic

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by Simeon Netchev
published on 06 May 2022

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Map of the Roman Civil War (49 - 45 BCE) — This map illustrates the course of the Civil War between Julius Caesar and Pompey (49–45 BCE), a defining moment in Roman history that marked the collapse of the Republic and the emergence of autocratic rule. Triggered by Caesar’s defiance of the Senate, the conflict spread across the Mediterranean world in a brutal struggle for power.

What began as a constitutional crisis rapidly escalated into full-scale war, engulfing Italy, Greece, Egypt, North Africa, and Spain. Caesar, claiming to defend his rights and dignity, clashed with Pompey and the senatorial elite. Beneath the military campaigns lay deeper tensions—personal rivalries, institutional decay, and the failure of political compromise. The war ended with Caesar’s decisive victory at Munda in 45 BCE, but his triumph was short-lived. Within a year, he was assassinated by senators seeking to restore the Republic—an act that only hastened its end and cleared the path for the rise of Augustus and the Roman Empire.

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About the Author

Simeon Netchev

Simeon is a freelance visual designer and history teacher, passionate about the human stories that shape the past. He believes every image should tell a story and invite interaction, while every map should lead on a journey — blending imagination with e

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Uploaded by Simeon Netchev, published on 06 May 2022. The copyright holder has published this content under the following license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs. This licence only allows others to download this content and share it with others as long as the author is credited, but they can't change the content in any way or use it commercially. When republishing on the web a hyperlink back to the original content source URL must be included. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms.

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Cite This Work

APA Style

Netchev, S. (2022, May 06). Map of the Roman Civil War (49 - 45 BCE). World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://www.worldhistory.org/image/15773/map-of-the-roman-civil-war-49---45-bce/

Chicago Style

Netchev, Simeon. "Map of the Roman Civil War (49 - 45 BCE)." World History Encyclopedia. Last modified May 06, 2022. https://www.worldhistory.org/image/15773/map-of-the-roman-civil-war-49---45-bce/.

MLA Style

Netchev, Simeon. "Map of the Roman Civil War (49 - 45 BCE)." World History Encyclopedia. World History Encyclopedia, 06 May 2022, https://www.worldhistory.org/image/15773/map-of-the-roman-civil-war-49---45-bce/. Web. 15 Jun 2025.