Thrace: Did you mean...?

Map of the Roman Empire at its maximum extent in 117 CE, under the rule of Trajan.

This map illustrates the state of the Macedonian Kingdom at the time of Philip II's death in 336 BCE, a powerful and unified state in northern Greece, poised to dominate the ancient world. Through military reform, strategic diplomacy, and...

A map of the regions of ancient Anatolia, circa 500 BC. Greek settlement areas are noted in italics.

A map showing the expansion of Macedon, around the time of the Peloponnesian War, between 431 - 336 BC.

The map shows the position of Triballian territory on Balkan Peninsula between the 4th century BCE and Celtic invasion of 279 BCE, when the Triballi tribe was pushed further east. The Triballi were a Thracian tribe inhabiting the area...

A Thracian gold pectoral. From a king's tomb at Dalboki, Bulgaria. 500-400 BCE. (Ashmolean Museum, Oxford)

The Byzantine Empire existed from 330 to 1453. It is often called the Eastern Roman Empire or simply Byzantium. The Byzantine capital was founded at Constantinople by Constantine I (r. 306-337). The Byzantine Empire varied in size over the...

The Persian Wars refers to the conflict between Greece and Persia in the 5th century BCE which involved two invasions by the latter in 490 and 480 BCE. Several of the most famous and significant battles in history were fought during the Wars...

A Roman gladiator was an ancient professional fighter who usually specialised with particular weapons and types of armour. They fought before the public in hugely popular organised games held in large purpose-built arenas throughout the Roman...

The Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta and their respective allies came in two stages: from c. 460 to 446 and from 431 to 404 BCE. With battles at home and abroad, the long and complex conflict was damaging to both sides. Sparta...