Sultan: Did you mean...?

Razia Sultan riding a horse, painting by an unknown artist, c. 18th century. Razia Sultan was well known for her love of horseback riding from a young age. Here she is depicted in a similar way to Sultana Chand Bibi (1550-1600), the regent...

Razia Sultan, Silver Tanka, 13th-century silver coin held by the Sarmaya Arts Foundation, Mumbai, c. 1236. Coins of Razia Sultan are incredibly rare, given that her reign was so short. Her father's name, Iltutmish, and the word 'nusrat,'...

Portrait of Sultan Mahmud II, oil on canvas painting by Athanasios Karantz(ou)las, c. 1850. A reformer, Sultan Mahmud II implemented numerous changes to the Ottoman state, which among many included the disbandment of the Janissary Corps...

Tomb of Raziya Sultan, photograph by Varun Shiv Kapur, Delhi, 17 November 2015. After a coup plot and uprising against her by powerful nobles, Razia Sultan was killed on 14 October 1240. She was buried initially in Kaithal, but her body...

Razia Sultan, laquer-binding cover by unknown artist in Tulsi Das (1532-1623): Ramcharitmanas, India, c. 1830-1836. Holding a rose with one hand and a sword with another, the 13th-century ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, Razia Sultan, is shown...

A c. 1800 painting showing the last stand of Tipu Sultan, ruler of Mysore in 1799 at the end of the Anglo-Mysore Wars with the East India Company.

A c. 1804 illustration of Bangalore fort flying the flag of Tipu Sultan (d. 1799), ruler of the Indian state of Mysore.

An 1838 painting by David Wilkie showing the discovery of the body of Tipu Sultan, ruler of Mysore, in a prison cell in Srirangapatna in 1799 at the end of the Anglo-Mysore Wars.

Mehmed II (1432-1481 CE), also known as Mehmed the Conqueror, was the seventh and among the greatest sultans of the Ottoman Empire. His conquests consolidated Ottoman rule in Anatolia and the Balkans, and he most famously triumphed in conquering...

Mahmud II was one of the most influential sultans of the Ottoman Empire. As a radical reformer, he strove to implement military and governmental reforms to prevent the empire from collapsing. His removal of the Janissary corps, the establishment...