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Family Planning in the Ancient Near East
Article by Arienne King

Family Planning in the Ancient Near East

The ancient Near East was home to a multitude of civilizations, across Egypt, Mesopotamia, and the Levant, each with unique views on medicine, conception, and women’s role in society. Attitudes towards contraception and abortion varied according...
New Testament Text-Types
Article by Peter Kauffner

New Testament Text-Types

The books of the New Testament were written in the 1st century CE. As Christianity spread in the 2nd century CE, many copies were made, some by non-professionals. Early manuscripts are considered to be closer to the original than later manuscripts...
Zwingli's 67 Articles
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Zwingli's 67 Articles

Huldrych Zwingli (l. 1484-1531) wrote his 67 Articles in 1523 as a confession of faith to be presented at the First Disputation in Zürich where he defended his beliefs against accusations of heresy by the Catholic Church. Zwingli's 67 Articles...
Christian Antisemitism in the Middle Ages & during the Reformation
Article by Rebecca Denova

Christian Antisemitism in the Middle Ages & during the Reformation

Antisemitism is a modern term that describes prejudice and hostility to Jews and Judaism. The origins of Christian antisemitism in the gospels are based on the story of a 1st-century itinerant Jewish preacher, Jesus of Nazareth, in the Roman...
The Trial & Martyrdom of Michael Sattler
Article by Joshua J. Mark

The Trial & Martyrdom of Michael Sattler

Michael Sattler (l. 1490-1527) was a Roman Catholic monk who converted to the Anabaptist movement c. 1525 and contributed significantly to their Schleitheim Confession of faith. He is best known, however, for his trial and martyrdom in 1527...
The Ancient Synagogue in Israel & the Diaspora
Article by Dana Murray

The Ancient Synagogue in Israel & the Diaspora

A unique and fundamental aspect of ancient Judean society in both Israel and the Diaspora, the ancient synagogue represents an inclusive, localized form of worship that did not crystallize until the destruction of the Temple in 70 CE. In...
The Didache: A Moral and Liturgical Document of Instruction
Article by John S. Knox

The Didache: A Moral and Liturgical Document of Instruction

During the early years of Christianity, many of the church leaders or "Fathers" wrote down admonishments and instruction on what it meant to be a follower of Jesus as well as what liturgical ceremonies should be followed as a believer in...
Reverend James Drummond MacGregor's Letter to a Clergyman
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Reverend James Drummond MacGregor's Letter to a Clergyman - Urging Him to Set Free a Black Girl He Held in Slavery

James Drummond MacGregor (1759-1830) was a Presbyterian minister in Pictou, Nova Scotia, who became the first published abolitionist in Canada through his A Letter to a Clergyman Urging Him to Set Free a Black Girl He Held in Slavery (1788...
Taoism
Definition by Emily Mark

Taoism

Taoism (also known as Daoism) is a Chinese philosophy attributed to Lao Tzu (c. 500 BCE) which developed from the folk religion of the people primarily in the rural areas of China and became the official religion of the country under the...
Mythology
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Mythology

Myths are a part of every culture in the world and are used to explain natural phenomena, where a people came from and how their civilization developed, and why things happen as they do. At their most basic level, myths comfort by giving...
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