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Roman Camps at Masada
Image by Dana Murray

Roman Camps at Masada

Following the fall of Jerusalem in 70 CE, Roman Governor Flavius Silva dispatched Legion X Fretensis - a veteran military unit - to eliminate the remaining centre of Jewish resistance at Masada in 72-73 CE. Josephus describes that the Romans...
Roman Camp, Masada
Image by Dana Murray

Roman Camp, Masada

Following the fall of Jerusalem in 70 CE, Roman Governor Flavius Silva dispatched Legion X Fretensis - a veteran military unit - to eliminate the remaining centre of Jewish resistance at Masada in 72-73 CE. Josephus describes that the Romans...
Roman Warfare & Battles
Quiz by Marion Wadowski

Roman Warfare & Battles

Roman warfare Auxilary Centurion Clementia Concave Concilium Convex Corvus Dictator Disciplina Militaris Gladius Hastati Imperialism Legioniaries Legion Maniples Mercenary Principes Pyrrhic Victory Sacramentum Scutum Siege Testudo Triarii...
Education in Roman Spain
Article by Laura K.C. McCormack

Education in Roman Spain

There was no compulsory state education for children in any of the western provinces of the Roman Empire. The primary sources are sparse when it comes to the education in Roman Spain, and while some scholars argue for a network of schools...
A Roman Soldier's Purse
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

A Roman Soldier's Purse

These four British Iron age coins and 11 Roman coins were probably lost or buried in the early years of the Claudian invasion of Britain, around 43-45 CE. They might represent a purse of a Roman soldier of the Second Legion Augusta which...
Roman Siege Warfare
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Roman Siege Warfare

In ancient warfare open battles were the preferred mode of meeting the enemy, but sometimes, when defenders took a stand within their well-fortified city or military camp, siege warfare became a necessity, despite its high expense in money...
Roman Gladiator
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Roman Gladiator

A Roman gladiator was an ancient professional fighter who usually specialised with particular weapons and types of armour. They fought before the public in hugely popular organised games held in large purpose-built arenas throughout the Roman...
Roman Emperor
Definition by Donald L. Wasson

Roman Emperor

Roman emperors ruled the Roman Empire starting with Augustus in 27 BCE and continuing in the West until the late 5th century CE and in the Eastern Roman Empire up to the mid-15th century CE. The emperors took titles such as Caesar and Imperator...
Roman Philosophy
Definition by Donald L. Wasson

Roman Philosophy

Roman philosophy played a significant role in the growth and development of Western thought. While not involved directly in the development of original philosophical thought, Rome made significant contributions in two ways: by conveying Greek...
Fall of the Western Roman Empire
Article by Donald L. Wasson

Fall of the Western Roman Empire

To many historians, the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century CE has always been viewed as the end of the ancient world and the onset of the Middle Ages, often improperly called the Dark Ages, despite Petrarch's assertion. Since...
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