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Etruscan Warfare
Definition

Etruscan Warfare

The Etruscan civilization, which flourished in central Italy from the 8th to 3rd century BCE, gained a reputation in antiquity for being party-loving pushovers when it came to warfare, but the reality is somewhat different. History...
Samos
Definition

Samos

Samos is a Greek island in the east Aegean, just off the coast of modern-day Turkey. It particularly flourished in the 6th century BCE and was famous in antiquity for its navy, wine, and important sanctuary to Hera. Samos was an active...
Massilia
Definition

Massilia

Along the north-western coast of the Mediterranean Sea between Spain and Italy lies the ancient city of Massilia (modern Marseilles). Originally founded in 600 BCE by Ionian Greeks from Phocaea, the city would one day challenge the...
Hasdrubal Barca
Definition

Hasdrubal Barca

Hasdrubal Barca (c. 244-207 BCE) was the younger brother of the Carthaginian general Hannibal (247-183 BCE) and commanded the forces of Carthage against Rome in Spain during the Second Punic War (218-202 BCE). They were both...
Demetrius I of Macedon
Definition

Demetrius I of Macedon

Demetrius I of Macedon, also known as Demetrios Poliorcetes, the 'Besieger' (c. 336 - c. 282 BCE), was a Macedonian king who, along with his father Antigonus I, fought for control of Alexander the Great's empire in the 'Successor...
Operation Chastise
Definition

Operation Chastise - WWII's Dambuster Raid

Operation Chastise, the 'Dambusters' raid, was an attack by a squadron of RAF Lancaster bombers on the dams of the Ruhr basin in Germany in May 1943. Led by Squadron Leader Guy Gibson, the bombers breached...
Hermes Kriophoros
Image

Hermes Kriophoros

Fragmentary statue of Hermes carrying a ram on his shoulders (Kriophoros, the "ram-bearer"). Late Roman marble copy from the 1st century BCE of the Kriophoros of Kalamis (a 5th century BCE sculptor of ancient Greece), found near...
Why Japan's Kamikaze Attacks Failed in WWII
Article

Why Japan's Kamikaze Attacks Failed in WWII

Kamikaze attacks were made by Japanese servicemen throughout the final, desperate year of the Second World War (1939-45). Planes, piloted rockets, and boats were packed with explosives with the intention...
Ancient Greek Inventions
Article

Ancient Greek Inventions

The ancient Greeks are often credited with building the foundations upon which all western cultures are built, and this impressive accolade stems from their innovative contributions to a wide range of human activities...
Twelve Gods of Persian Mythology
Article

Twelve Gods of Persian Mythology

Ancient Persian Mythology is the term now referencing ancient Iranian religion prior to the rise of Zoroastrianism between c. 1500-1000 BCE. This was a polytheistic faith with a pantheon led by the supreme god Ahura...
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