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Colosseum Valley - Ancient Rome Live (AIRC)
Video by American Institute for Roman Culture

Colosseum Valley - Ancient Rome Live (AIRC)

The Colosseum (the Flavian amphitheater) is the largest amphitheater the Romans ever constructed, with a circumference of 545 m, height of 50 m, 189m long and 156m wide. The exterior wall of travertine stone has been estimated to 100,000...
India in the Vedic Age, 1500 BCE-500 BCE
Image by Simeon Netchev

India in the Vedic Age, 1500 BCE-500 BCE

A map illustrating the evolution of the cultures on the northern Indian subcontinent with the arrival of the Aryan nomads during the late Bronze Age and early Iron Age known as the Vedic age (c. 1500 – c. 500 BCE), when the Vedic literature...
Cyrus the Great's Conquests
Article by Matt Waters / Oxford University Press

Cyrus the Great's Conquests

The estimated expanse of the Achaemenid Empire at its height c. 500 BCE was two million square miles. Most of this territory was conquered by Cyrus the Great, the founder of the Empire, who reigned from 559 to 530 BCE, the fourth king in...
Excavation Site at Mohenjo-daro
Image by Grjatoi

Excavation Site at Mohenjo-daro

Ruins of Mohenjo-daro in present-day Sindh, Pakistan, one of the largest settlements of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization. Mohenjo-daro is one of the world's earliest major urban settlements, contemporaneous with the civilizations...
Pankration
Definition by Stella Nenova

Pankration

Pankration is an ancient martial art which mixes wrestling and boxing. The sport can be traced as far back as the second millennium BCE in the territory of ancient Greece. Its name derives from the ancient Greek words pan (all) and kratos...
The Gilded Age Estates of Staatsburg, New York
Article by Joshua J. Mark

The Gilded Age Estates of Staatsburg, New York

The great estates of the Gilded Age were more than lavish displays of wealth for the American aristocracy c. 1870-1917, they supported the economy of the local communities and encouraged development. As they declined, many of the surrounding...
Hephaestion
Definition by Donald L. Wasson

Hephaestion

Hephaestion was a member of Alexander the Great's personal bodyguard and the Macedonian king's closest and lifelong friend and advisor. So much so, Hephaestion's death would bring the young king to tears. From 334 to 323 BCE Alexander the...
Zapotec Civilization
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Zapotec Civilization

The Zapotecs, known as the 'Cloud People', dwelt in the southern highlands of central Mesoamerica, specifically, in the Valley of Oaxaca, which they inhabited from the late Preclassic period to the end of the Classic period (500 BCE - 900...
Mohenjo-daro
Image by Andrzej Nowojewski

Mohenjo-daro

Archaeological site of Mohenjo-daro in modern-day Pakistan, one of the best-known cities of the Indus Valley Civilization.
Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui - Founder of the Inca Empire

Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui (often simply Pachacuti or Pachacutec) was the 9th Inca ruler (r. 1438 - 1471 CE) who founded their empire with conquests in the Cuzco Valley and beyond. Pachacuti is also credited with founding the site of Machu Picchu...
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