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Gladius Hispaniensis
The gladius hispaniensis or Spanish short sword which originated in Iberia but was famously adopted by the Roman army. (Re-enactment display of Roman Army Tactics Scarborough Castle, UK)

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Georgian Aurei Imitation
Gold. Weight: e.g. – 2,87 gr., 3,37 gr., 3,44 gr., 3,55 gr. d=18 mm., 19 mm., 20/21mm. Obverse: Draped bust of Valerian, laureted, right, a bit crude in style. Distorted Latin inscription: prototype – IMP. C. P. LIC. VALERIANVS AVG...

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View of Armaziskhevi
View of the Armaziskhevi Archaeological Site (left hill) and the confluence of the Aragvi and Mtkvari rivers from the Jvari Monastery, which overlooked Mtskheta, the capital of the early Georgian Kingdom of Iberia from the 3rd century BCE...

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Phiale of a Roman or Kartlian Man
This phiale, on whose medallion the bust of a bearded male is represented, must have been made in one of the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire or in the Kingdom of Kartli (Iberia), which is located in what's modern Georgia. Goldsmithery...

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The Barcid Dynasty of Carthage
This infographic illustrates the rise and influence of the Barcid Dynasty, a powerful Carthaginian family that shaped Carthage’s military and political strategy during the third century BCE. Active from circa 260 to 200 BCE, the Barcids played...

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Armaziskhevi Archaeological Site, Georgia
1st-century CE six-apse pagan temple on the left and 3rd-century CE wine cellar on the right, complete with qvevris (large earthenware jars buried under the ground for fermentation and storage). Armaziskhevi Archaeological Site, Mtskheta...

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Prince Stephanos I Coin
Kartli/Iberia coin of Prince Stephanos I, second emission. Silver. The weights range from 2,03 gr. to 3,02 gr. d = 25/26-28 mm. Obverse: shah/ruler to the right. Instead of Pehlevi, Georgian inscription (Asomtavruli) – ႱႲႤႴ/ႠႬႭႱ (Stephanos...

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Georgian Imitations of Augustan Denarii
Description, picture: Silver. Weight: e.g. 1,28 gr., 2,23 gr., 2,59 gr., 2,93 gr., 2,97 gr., 3,02 gr., 3,10 gr., 3,12 gr., 3,23 gr., 3,24 gr., 3,25 gr., 3,33 gr., 3,42 gr., 3,51 gr., 3,55 gr. d=17/18-19/20mm. Obverse: Laureate head right/left...

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Knights Templar
The Knights Templar were established c. 1119 and given papal recognition in 1129. It was a Catholic medieval military order whose members combined martial prowess with a monastic life to defend Christian holy sites and pilgrims in the Middle...

Definition
Justinian I
Justinian I reigned as emperor of the Byzantine Empire from 527 to 565 CE. Born around 482 CE in Tauresium, a village in Illyria, his uncle Emperor Justin I was an imperial bodyguard who reached the throne on the death of Anastasius in 518...