France: Did you mean...?

Isabella of France and her army with the body of Hugh Despenser in the background, illustration from a 15th-century manuscript by Jean Pichore, Royal MS 15 E IV, f. 316v. British Library, London.

The involvement of France in the American War of Independence (1775-1783) was not only significant in the progress of the war itself but also as a critical moment for France. Whereas French intervention in the war would help turn the tide...

An illumination from a 14th Century CE manuscript of the "Grandes Chroniques de France", depicting a battle between John I of England (r. 1199 - 1216 CE) and Philip II of France (r. 1180 - 1223 CE). Both kings are recognizable by their coats...

Charles Philippe de France, comte d'Artois (1757-1836), during the French Revolution, oil on canvas painting by Henri-Pierre Danloux, 1798. As the youngest brother of King Louis XVI, Artois was one of the first emigres to flee France after...

An illumination from a 14th Century CE manuscript of the "Grandes Chroniques de France", depicting King John of England (r. 1199 - 1216 CE) paying homage to Philip II of France (r. 1180 - 1223 CE). Made in Paris, France c. 1332 - 1350...

A stamp from Revolutionary France in 1794, referencing Maximilien Robespierre's Cult of the Supreme Being. It reads: "The People of France Recognize the Supreme Being and the Immortality of the Soul". Bibliothèque nationale de France.

The ancient Celtic pantheon consisted of over 400 gods and goddesses who represented everything from rivers to warfare. With perhaps the exception of Lugh, the Celtic gods were not universally worshipped across Iron Age Europe but were very...

Marie de France (wrote c. 1160-1215 CE), from an illuminated manuscript now in the Bibliothèque nationale de France: BnF, Arsenal Library, Ms. 3142 fol. 256.

The crown and salamander symbol used by Francis I of France (r. 1515-1547 CE). From the Château d'Amboise, France.

Portrait of the dauphin Louis-Charles de France (1785-1795), recognized by royalists as King Louis XVII of France. Oil on canvas by Alexander Kucharsky, 1792. Palace of Versailles.