Edinburgh: Did you mean...?

Protecting strategically important coastlines, passes, and roadways, castles were an essential part of medieval warfare. With such key features as a tower keep, fortified gatehouses, curtain walls with crenellations and...

In this collection, we present the 15 most important of the 21 monarchs to rule Scotland from the 11th to 16th century. For the first time forging a unified kingdom, the monarchs of this period were often warrior-kings...

"This map shows the main routes taken by those who joined the First Crusade. The appeal was made by Pope Urban II in November 1095 CE but crusaders did not set out until the following summer. One route went through...

Dolly the Sheep in a field at the Roslin Institute. Photo courtesy of the Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, UK.

The Mons Meg cannon at Edinburgh Castle, an artillery piece built in the mid-15th century CE, possibly for James II of Scotland (r. 1437-1460 CE).

The HMS Gloucester was wrecked in the North Sea, about 30 miles off the shore of Norfolk, England, shortly after dawn on 6 May 1682. It was a warship in the navy of Charles II of England (r. 1660-1685), and at the...

A video detailing the general construction principals and techniques of Medieval castles. Guedelon Castle website: https://www.guedelon.fr/en/ Castle Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q3uvVV2bEfk&index=2&t=10s&list=PLWklwxMTl4syenM-NN3NXjNW6DyT6bDMG...

Henry VIII of England ruled as king from 1509 to 1547. The second Tudor king after his father Henry VII of England (r. 1485-1509), Henry had inherited a kingdom which enjoyed both unity and sound finances. Famous for his six...

James I of England (r. 1603-1625), who was also James VI of Scotland (r. 1567-1625), was the son of Mary, Queen of Scots, and he unified the thrones of Scotland and England following the death of Queen Elizabeth I of England...

An acropolis is any citadel or complex built on a high hill. The name derives from the Greek akro, "high" or "extreme/extremity" or "edge", and polis, "city", translated as "high city", "city on the edge" or "city in the air", the...