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Hundred Years' War
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Hundred Years' War

The Hundred Years' War (1337-1453) was an intermittent conflict between England and France lasting 116 years. It began principally because King Edward III (r. 1327-1377) and Philip VI (r. 1328-1350) escalated a dispute over feudal rights...
Courtly Love
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Courtly Love

Courtly Love (Amour Courtois) refers to an innovative literary genre of poetry of the High Middle Ages (1000-1300 CE) which elevated the position of women in society and established the motifs of the romance genre recognizable in the present...
Edward the Black Prince
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Edward the Black Prince

Edward of Woodstock (1330-1376 CE), better known as the Black Prince after his distinctive armour or martial reputation, was the eldest son of Edward III of England (r. 1327-1377 CE). Made the Prince of Wales in 1343 CE, Edward would fight...
Benvenuto Cellini
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Benvenuto Cellini

Benvenuto Cellini (1500-1571 CE) was an Italian Renaissance sculptor, medallist, and goldsmith whose most famous works today include the bronze statue of Perseus holding the head of Medusa, which now stands in Florence, and a magnificent...
Causes of the Hundred Years' War
Article by Mark Cartwright

Causes of the Hundred Years' War

The Hundred Years' War (1337-1453) was an intermittent conflict fought between England and France that started when king Edward III of England (r. 1327-1377) squabbled with Philip VI of France (r. 1328-1350) over feudal rights concerning...
Artemis
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Artemis

Artemis was the Greek goddess of hunting, wild nature, and chastity. Daughter of Zeus and sister of Apollo, Artemis was a patron of girls and young women, and a protectress during childbirth. Artemis was widely worshipped but her most famous...
Battle of Crécy
Article by Mark Cartwright

Battle of Crécy

The Battle of Crécy on 26 August 1346 CE saw an English army defeat a much larger French force in the first great battle of the Hundred Years' War (1337-1453 CE). Edward III of England (r. 1327-1377 CE) and his son Edward the Black Prince...
Ball of the Burning Men
Article by Harrison W. Mark

Ball of the Burning Men - When Decadence Turned Deadly

It was supposed to be just another masquerade. As daylight turned to dusk on 28 January 1393, servants rushed through the halls of the Hôtel Saint-Pol in Paris, making the final arrangements for what promised to be an evening of fun and revelry...
Battle of Tours, 732
Image by Charles de Steuben

Battle of Tours, 732

"Bataille de Poitiers, en octobre 732" (French for "Battle of Poitiers, in October 732") by Charles de Steuben (1788 - 1856). The painting is a romanticized depiction of the Frankish general Charles Martel (718-741) fighting against the Umayyad...
Drawing of the Château de Chenonceau
Image by British Museum

Drawing of the Château de Chenonceau

Drawing of the Château de Chenonceau, Loire Valley, France c. 1570, by architect Jacques Androuet du Cerceau (1510-1585). This drawing shows the château as Diane de Poitiers, (1500-1566) favourite of Henry II of France (r. 1547-1559) would...
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