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Mithra
Definition

Mithra

Mithra is the Persian god of the rising sun, contracts, covenants, and friendship. He also oversaw the orderly change of the seasons, maintained cosmic order, and was responsible for bestowing divine grace on kings, legitimizing their...
Fire Temple
Definition

Fire Temple

Fire Temples are places of worship in the Zoroastrian religion. They were known as ataskada (“house of fire”) by the Persians but are best known today by their Greek name pyratheia (fire temple). They are thought to have originated...
Derbent
Definition

Derbent

Derbent (sometimes "Derbend" or "Darbend") is an ancient city located along the Caspian Sea in what is present-day Russia. Although the area in and around Derbent has been continuously inhabited since at least the 8th century BCE, Shah...
Water Clock, Al-Qarawiyyin Mosque
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Water Clock, Al-Qarawiyyin Mosque

This reconstruction of the 14th-century water clock from the Dar al-Muwaqqit of the al-Qarawiyyin Mosque (Fez, Morocco) is now on display at the Istanbul Museum of the History of Science and Technology in Islam...
Livonian Rhymed Chronicle
Definition

Livonian Rhymed Chronicle - An Account of the Livonian Crusade

The Livonian Rhymed Chronicle (Livländische Reimchronik) is an anonymous account of the Livonian Crusade written in Middle High German, covering the years between 1143 and 1290. It is one of...
The Style & Regional Differences of Seljuk Minarets in Persia
Article

The Style & Regional Differences of Seljuk Minarets in Persia

Under the Seljuk rule, Persia gained a period of economic and cultural prosperity. The innovative techniques of the Seljuk period and style in architecture and the arts had a strong influence...
Map of Ibn Battuta’s Travels, 1325-1354
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Map of Ibn Battuta’s Travels, 1325-1354 - Medieval Travel, Scholarship & Connectivity in Afro-Eurasia

Ibn Battuta ((Abū Abd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Abd Allāh Al-Lawātī, 1304–c. 1368 CE) was a traveler, jurist, and scholar from Tangier whose journeys across Afro-Eurasia...
Baradari
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Baradari

Hazuri Bagh Baradari (formerly known as Ranjit Singh's Baradari), built by Sikh ruler Maharaja Ranjit Singh in 1818, in Lahore, Pakistan. In Urdu, bara means "twelve," and dar means "door." Thus, baradari is the name given to a building...
Oldest Large-Scale Slab in the Levant
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Oldest Large-Scale Slab in the Levant

This is a stone slab incised with a repeated array of concentric irregular squares. A line of 3 slabs bearing this decoration was found in a wall inside "Structure 2" at Wadi al-Hammeh 27. They were supported...
Lion-Hunt Scene from Khorsabad
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Lion-Hunt Scene from Khorsabad

This survived alabaster bas-relief was found in Khorsabad (ancient Dar-Sharrukin, Mesopotamia, Iraq). An Assyrian king, probably Sargon II (r. 722-705 BCE), shoots an arrow and a lion (hit by another arrow) appears...
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