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A Short History of Sumer and the Sumerian Civilization from Mesopotamia
The Sumerians flourished in Mesopotamia between c. 4100 – 1750 BCE in the region of Sumer which was not a country, but a region made up of a number of walled city-states, each with its own king. The Sumerian civilization developed the first...
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Sumerian Man Offering a Libation
Shell inlay depicting a standing and naked man (ordinary individual or priest) offering a libation. Excavated by Sir Henry Layard for the Department of Antiquities in Iraq. This object was part of the objects allotted to the British Museum...
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Scribes in Ancient Mesopotamia - The Beginning of History
Scribes in ancient Mesopotamia were highly educated individuals trained in writing and reading on diverse subjects. Initially, their purpose was to record financial transactions through trade, but in time, they were integral to every aspect...
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Lost Treasures From Iraq: Revisited & Identified
For how long do we build a household? For how long do we seal a document? For how long do brothers share the inheritance? For how long is there to be jealousy in the land(?)? The Epic of Gilgamesh, chapter 10, Tablet X. I have always...
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Mesopotamia: The Rise of the Cities - Personal Identity, Safety, and Civilization in the Near East
Once upon a time, in the land known as Sumer, the people built a temple to their god, who had conquered the forces of chaos and brought order to the world. They built this temple at a place called Eridu, which, as scholar Gwendolyn Leick...
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Statue of a Female Sumerian Worshipper from Khafajah [Front View]
Limestone statue of a Sumerian female in a gesture of prayer. The eye sockets were filled in with white shell set in bitumen. She wears a Sumerian garment with a bare right shoulder. Front view. From the Temple of Sin, Khafajah (also Khafaje...
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Sumerian Woman from Khafajah
Limestone statue of a Sumerian female in a gesture of prayer. The head is lost but the color of a glue, which was used to join the head to the upper chest, is clear. The head was probably removed after some time, for some reason or another...
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Statue of a Female Sumerian Worshipper from Khafajah [Detail]
Detail of a limestone statue of a Sumerian female in a gesture of prayer. The eye sockets were filled in with white shell set in bitumen. She wears a Sumerian garment with a bare right shoulder. Front view. From the Temple of Sin, Khafajah...
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Statue of a Female Sumerian Worshipper from Khafajah [Rear View]
Limestone statue of a Sumerian female in a gesture of prayer. The eye sockets were filled in with white shell set in bitumen. She wears a Sumerian garment with a bare right shoulder. Her hair was carefully carved. Back view. From the Temple...
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Statue of a Female Sumerian Worshipper from Khafajah [Right Side]
Limestone statue of a Sumerian female in a gesture of prayer. The eye sockets were filled in with white shell set in bitumen. She wears a Sumerian garment with a bare right shoulder. Her hair was carefully carved. Side view, right. From the...