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American Revolutionary War
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American Revolutionary War

The American Revolutionary War (1775-1783), or the American War of Independence, was a conflict between Great Britain and its 13 North American colonies, who declared independence as the United States of America. Initially...
Horatio Gates
Definition

Horatio Gates

Horatio Gates (1727-1806) was an English-born general of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War (1775-1783). Initially viewed as a hero for his stunning victory at the Battles of Saratoga, Gates' reputation was...
Oliver Cromwell
Definition

Oliver Cromwell

Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658) was an accomplished cavalry commander, then head of Parliament's New Model Army, and finally Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland. The latter title was awarded to Cromwell for life after...
Battle of Aspern-Essling
Article

Battle of Aspern-Essling

The Battle of Aspern-Essling (21-22 May 1809) was a major battle of the Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815). It saw an Austrian army under Archduke Charles defeat a French army led by Emperor Napoleon I (r. 1804-1814; 1815) as...
Operation Barbarossa
Definition

Operation Barbarossa - Hitler's Invasion of the USSR

Adolf Hitler (1889-1945), leader of Nazi Germany, attacked the USSR on 22 June 1941 with the largest army ever assembled. The Axis offensive of June-December 1941 was code-named Operation Barbarossa...
Union Army Private Infantry Uniform
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Union Army Private Infantry Uniform

Private U.S. Infantry, Fatigue Marching Order, illustration by an unknown artist, c. 1891 to c. 1985. The illustration here shows a Union army private infantry uniform, which would have been worn during the American...
Totila
Definition

Totila

Totila (birth name, Baduila-Badua r. 541-552 CE) was the last great king of the Ostrogoths in Italy. He was the nephew of the Gothic king Ildibad who was succeeded by Eraric the Rugian (d. 541 CE). The Goths of Italy felt that Eraric...
Philadelphia Campaign
Article

Philadelphia Campaign

The Philadelphia Campaign (July 1777 to June 1778) was a major military operation during the American Revolutionary War (1775-1783), in which a British army under Sir William Howe attempted to capture the revolutionary capital...
Battle of Camden
Article

Battle of Camden

The Battle of Camden (16 August 1780) was a major battle of the southern theater of the American Revolutionary War (1775-1783). It saw a British army under Lord Charles Cornwallis decisively defeat an American force under General...
Organization of the Imperial Roman Army
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Organization of the Imperial Roman Army

The Imperial Roman Army formed the backbone of Roman power from the establishment of the Principate under Augustus (reign 27 BCE–14 CE) to the collapse of imperial authority in the West (c. 480 CE). More than...
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