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Map of the First French Empire and Napoleonic Europe, 1812
The First French Empire, established under Napoleon Bonaparte (Emperor 1804–1814; briefly 1815), represented the high point of French power in Europe following the French Revolution. Through sustained military campaigns and political restructuring...
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Map of the Sumerian Civilization
This map illustrates the rise of the Sumerian civilization in southern Mesopotamia, beginning around 6000 BCE. Situated between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, the region—later home to Akkad and Babylonia—saw the emergence of some of the...
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Map of the Rise and Fall of Carthage (c. 650-146 BCE)
Carthage (c. 814–146 BCE) emerged as the leading Phoenician power in the western Mediterranean following its foundation by settlers from Tyre around c. 814 BCE. Built on maritime trade, naval dominance, and a dense network of colonies across...
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Map of the Trade Routes in the Ancient Mediterranean
This map illustrates the dynamic trade networks of the ancient Mediterranean between the 7th and 4th centuries BCE, highlighting the spheres of influence of the Phoenicians and Greeks as they established settlements, trading posts, and seafaring...
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Map of the Expansion of the Roman Republic (c. 260 - 30 BCE)
This map illustrates the Roman Republic's territorial expansion from approximately 260 to 30 BCE, highlighting how a once-local power in central Italy transformed into a Mediterranean empire. From early campaigns in Sicily and Spain to sweeping...
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Map of the British Raj c. 1930
A map illustrating the British Raj around 1930, a period of direct British rule over the Indian subcontinent that began in 1858. Following the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857, also known as the First War of Independence, the British Parliament passed...
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Map of Europe after the Congress of Vienna, 1815
The Congress of Vienna (September 1814–June 1815) marked a decisive attempt by Europe’s great powers to reconstruct political order after more than two decades of revolutionary and Napoleonic warfare (1792–1815). Led principally by Austria...
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Map of the East India Company Trade, c.1800
The English East India Company (EIC) was established by Royal Charter on 31 December 1600 under Queen Elizabeth I (reign 1558–1603), granting it a monopoly on English trade east of the Cape of Good Hope. Initially conceived as a commercial...
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Map of Viking Exploration, 8th-11th Century
This map illustrates the sweep of Viking exploration between the late 8th and early 11th centuries, charting longship routes from Scandinavia to the British Isles, Normandy, Iberia, Russia, the Mediterranean, and across the North Atlantic...
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Map of the Fall of the Western Roman Empire, c. 480 CE
The disintegration of the Western Roman Empire unfolded gradually during the Migration Period (c. 400–800 CE), as waves of migrating and invading peoples reshaped Europe. After the death of Theodosius I (reign 379–395 CE), the last emperor...
