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Map of the Russian Revolution & Collapse of Tsarism, 1917–18
The Russian Revolution of 1917 marked the collapse of imperial authority and the emergence of a radically new political order. Years of military defeat, economic strain, and social inequality culminated in the February Revolution (8–16 March...
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Government & Society in Ancient Greece
In this collection, we examine one of the greatest contributions made by the ancient Greeks to world culture: their systems of government and, above all, the ideas of democracy and mass participation in politics. We also consider the society...
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The Reforms of Peter the Great
Peter I of Russia (Peter the Great, l. 1672-1725) was the Tsar of Russia from 1682 to 1721 and the Emperor of Russia from 1721-1725. The lasting impression of Peter's long reign is the significant changes he brought to Russia due to his various...
Definition
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840-1893) was a Russian composer most famous for his symphonies, the ballets Swan Lake, The Sleeping Beauty, and The Nutcracker, and the operas Eugene Onegin and The Queen of Spades. A composer of innovative and...
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Map of the Russian Empire under Peter the Great, c. 1725 - Reform, Expansion, and the Birth of Imperial Russia
The expansion and consolidation of the Russian Empire around 1725 marked a fundamental transformation in Russia’s place within Europe and Eurasia. During this period, the Russian state shifted from a relatively inward-looking tsardom into...
Definition
January Uprising of 1863 - Polish Rebellion Against Russian Rule in Poland
The January Uprising of 1863 was a conflict between Tsarist Russia and Polish insurgents striving for independence. The uprising continued until October 1864, when it was suppressed by the Russian forces, effectively erasing the already limited...
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Catherine the Great and the Russian Empire, c. 1796
A map illustrating the state of the Russian Empire, c. 1796, during the reign of Ekaterina II Alekseyevna (born Princess Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst), commonly known as Catherine the Great. Longest ruling Russian Empress (1762 – 1796), she continued...
Definition
War of the Sixth Coalition
The War of the Sixth Coalition (1813-1814), known in Germany as the Wars of Liberation, was the penultimate conflict of the Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815). The Sixth Coalition, which included Russia, Austria, Prussia, the United Kingdom, Sweden...
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Russian Women’s Death Battalion
A 1917 photograph of the Russian Women’s Death Battalion and their leader Maria ‘Yashka’ Bochkareva (1889-1920), a Russian war hero. Also present is the British activist for women's rights Emmeline Pankhurst (1858-1928).
Definition
Coup of 18 Brumaire
The Coup of 18 Brumaire (9-10 November 1799) was a bloodless coup d'état in France that overthrew the government of the French Directory and replaced it with the French Consulate. The coup brought Napoleon Bonaparte to power and, in the view...
