Russia: Did you mean...?

Ivan III of Russia (Ivan the Great, r. 1462-1505), engraving published in H.F. Helmolt (ed.): History of the World. New York: Dodd, Mead and Company, 1902. University of Texas Portrait Gallery.

The reign of Ivan IV (Grozny, "the Terrible") of Russia (reign 1547–1584) marked a definitive transformation in the political structure of the realm...

A 1780s oil-on-canvas portrait by Alexander Roslin of Empress Catherine II of Russia (1729-96). Catherine was formally crowned empress regent on 22 September 1762 and this portrait endorses her royal status, perhaps...

Emperor Alexander I of Russia (r. 1801-1825), oil on canvas portrait by George Dawe, c. 1818-1825. British Royal Collection.

A 1922 painting by Ivan Vladimirov (1870-1947) showing the government requsitioning of grain during the Russian Civil War. This policy and the consequent peasant unrest was one of the reasons the Soviet government...

A photograph taken on 15 December 1917 showing German and Russian delegations signing the armistice to end hostilities between the two nations during the First World War (1914-18). German Federal...

The Russian Revolution of 1905 challenged the absolute power of Tsar Nicholas II (reign 1894-1917) as ruler of the Russian Empire. Bloody Sunday in 1905 started the year disastrously for the tsar when soldiers fired upon...

In eastern Europe, in the 17th Century CE a couple of "great powers" were coming into their own. The vast empire of Russia was modernizing under Peter the Great, and the relatively tiny state of Prussia was...

Catherine the Great presided over a golden age of Russian expansion — but was she a dedicated ruler or a ruthless oppressor? – Catherine the Great, Empress of Russia for over three decades, used...

There were many causes behind the Russian Revolution of 1917, ranging from the unpopular authoritarian rule of Tsar Nicholas II (reign 1894-1917) to the radical mobilisation of the working class, who wanted...