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Fall of the Western Roman Empire
Article by Donald L. Wasson

Fall of the Western Roman Empire

To many historians, the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century CE has always been viewed as the end of the ancient world and the onset of the Middle Ages, often improperly called the Dark Ages, despite Petrarch's assertion. Since...
Ten Ancient Rome Facts You Need to Know
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Ten Ancient Rome Facts You Need to Know

Ancient Roman culture affected vast numbers of people across the known world of its time, beginning with the rise of the Roman Republic (509-27 BCE) and throughout the duration of the Roman Empire (27 BCE - c. 476 CE in the West and 1453...
The Propaganda of Octavian and Mark Antony's Civil War
Article by Jesse Sifuentes

The Propaganda of Octavian and Mark Antony's Civil War

Propaganda played an important role in Octavian (l. 63 BCE - 14 CE) and Mark Antony's (l. 83 – 30 BCE) civil war, and once victorious at the Battle of Actium (31 BCE), Octavian returned home to become the first Roman emperor. The decade preceding...
Sack of Rome 410 CE
Article by Donald L. Wasson

Sack of Rome 410 CE

In August of 410 CE Alaric the Gothic king accomplished something that had not been done in over eight centuries: he and his army entered the gates of imperial Rome and sacked the city. Although the city and, for a time, the Roman Empire...
Dogs & Their Collars in Ancient Rome
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Dogs & Their Collars in Ancient Rome

Dogs were highly valued in ancient Rome, as they were in other cultures, and the Roman dog served many of the same purposes as it did in, say, Egypt and Persia - as hunters, guardians, and companions - but with a significant difference in...
Game Interview: Old World by Mohawk Games
Interview by Jan van der Crabben

Game Interview: Old World by Mohawk Games

In this article, we interview the creators of Old World, the new upcoming game by Mohawk Games. We are here with Leyla Johnson, the head writer of the game and CEO, and Soren Johnson, who is the creative director. Jan (Ancient History Encyclopedia...
The Rise and Fall of the Roman Empire
Video by Kelly Macquire

The Rise and Fall of the Roman Empire

The Roman Empire, at its height (c. 117), was the most extensive political and social structure in western civilization. Building upon the foundation laid by the Roman Republic, the empire became the largest and most powerful political and...
Map of the Migration Period in Europe in the 4th-5th Century
Image by Simeon Netchev

Map of the Migration Period in Europe in the 4th-5th Century

The Migration Period in Europe (c. 4th–6th centuries CE) marks a prolonged era of movement, conflict, and political transformation rather than a single moment of collapse. Following the death of Emperor Theodosius I (reign 379–395 CE) and...
Roman Imperial Coinage
Image by Daniela Castanotto

Roman Imperial Coinage

1. Denarius of Emperor Nero (reigned 54-68 CE) of the Julio-Claudian dynasty. The silver content of the coin (fineness) is >.92. Nero’s jowly face, gazing to the right, is recognizable, but barely. This coin was clipped around the edges...
Marble Head of Titus Flavius Orestes
Image by Nathalie Choubineh

Marble Head of Titus Flavius Orestes

Marble head of Titus Flavius Orestes, from Herakleia Lynkestis, near Bitola, North Macedonia, c. 1st-2nd century CE. Archaeological Museum of Heraclea, Bitola. The marble head was located in the colonnaded courthouse near the city's forum...
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