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The Battle of Zama - The Beginning of Roman Conquest
The Battle of Zama (202 BCE) was the final engagement of the Second Punic War (218-202 BCE) at which Hannibal Barca of Carthage (l. 247-183 BCE) was defeated by Scipio Africanus of Rome (l. 236-183 BCE) ending the conflict in Rome's favor...
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Villa of Neptune and Amphitrite, Herculaneum
Villa of Neptune and Amphitrite, Herculaneum. The famous wall mosaic and its subjects gives the villa its name.
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The Canopus at Hadrian's Villa, Tivoli
The villa was constructed at Tibur (modern-day Tivoli) for Emperor Hadrian as a private summer retreat between 118 and 134 CE. One of the most striking and best preserved parts of the Villa are the Canopus and Serapeum. Canopus was an Egyptian...
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Villa Verdi
The Villa Verdi in Sant'Agata near Parma, Italy, home of the Italian composer Giuseppe Verdi (1813-1901), noted for his operas. The illustration shows the villa in the 1860s. Taken from: Mary Jane Phillips-Matz (1993), Verdi: A Biography...
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Continuity and Change after the Fall of the Roman Empire
The cataclysmic end of the Roman Empire in the West has tended to mask the underlying features of continuity. The map of Europe in the year 500 would have been unrecognizable to anyone living a hundred years earlier. Gone was the solid boundary...
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Roman Walls
The many Roman walls still visible today throughout Europe and the Mediterranean, be they defensive walls such as the Servian Wall or house and monument walls, tell us a great deal about the evolution of Roman construction techniques. Roman...
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Roman Medicine
Roman medicine was greatly influenced by earlier Greek medicine and literature but would also make its own unique contribution to the history of medicine through the work of such famous experts as Galen and Celsus. Whilst there were professional...
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Childeric I
Childeric I (r. c. 458-481) was a late antiquity king of the Salian Franks during the period of the fall of the Western Roman Empire. Childeric's reign solidified the Salians as a dominant Frankish tribe and helped pave the way for the unification...
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Discobolus from Hadrian's Villa
Discovered in 1791 CE in the Villa of the Roman Emperor Hadrian (117-138 CE)at Tivoli outside Roma. The head, although ancient and found with the statue, it is not the original. Formerly in the Collection of Charles Townley in London. Roman...
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Roman Fort
The Roman army constructed both temporary and permanent forts and fortified military camps (castrum) across the frontiers of the empire's borders and within territories which required a permanent military presence to prevent indigenous uprisings...