Pope Leo X: Did you mean...?

Thomas Wolsey, Cardinal Archbishop of York (l. c. 1473-1530 CE) served as Lord Chancellor to Henry VIII of England (r. 1509-1547 CE) from around 1513 CE to 1529 CE. Wolsey rose to become the most powerful man in England after the king, he...

The medieval indulgence was a writ offered by the Church, for money, guaranteeing the remission of sin, and its abuse was the spark that inspired Martin Luther's 95 Theses. Luther (l. 1483-1546) claimed the sale of indulgences was unbiblical...

Wax effigy of Pope Gregory VII (c. 1015-1085). Cathedral of Salerno, Italy.

Robert Guiscard (c. 1015-1085) is proclaimed Duke of Apulia, Calabria, and Sicily by Pope Nicholas II, illustration from the Nuova Cronica of Giovanni Villani, 14th century.

Pope Boniface VIII (served 1294-1303 CE). Statue by Arnolfo di Cambio, c. 1298 CE. Museo dell'Opera, Florence.

A manuscript depicting Frederick II (l. 1194-1250 CE) being excommunicated by Pope Innocent IV.

An engraving of the Wakefield house on Pope's Creek, Virginia, the birthplace of George Washington. Engraving by Benson J. Lossing & William Barritt, 1856, digitalized by Centpacrr, 2013.

A c. 1914 photograph of Pope Pius X (1903-14). (National Portrait Gallery, London)

Portrait of Pope Pius VII, oil on panel by Jacques-Louis David, 1805. Louvre Museum, Paris.

Stained glass window of Pope Gregory VII (1015-1085) at the Pitigliano Cathedral, Italy.