Poland: Did you mean...?

The Battle, illustration in Album Grottgera by Artur Grottger, 1888. Depicted in this illustration are insurgents participating in the ill-fated January Uprising of 1863, an attempt to regain Polish independence from Tsarist Russia. National...

A photograph showing German troops and Polish civilians following the German invasion of Poland in September 1939. Photograph taken in the Tuchola Forest, 4 September 1939. (Imperial War Museums)

A reconstruction of brick bunks at Auschwitz concentration and extermination camp which was located in German-occupied Poland. Four to seven prisoners had to sleep in each compartment. Over one million people died in this complex at the hands...

With 2,000 square meters of exhibition space, the permanent exhibition offers numerous insights into the diverse and eventful cultural history of Silesia and explores the multicultural character of the region's history with influences from...

Portrait of Aleksander Wielopolski, photograph by Karol Beyer, c. 1861-1863. Appointed by the Tsar to dampen brewing discontent and growing independence feeling in Warsaw, Wielopolski (1803-1877), a Polish aristocrat, devised a plan to conscript...

Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821), Emperor of the French, was one of the most successful military commanders of the modern era. From relatively humble beginnings, he rose to prominence during the tumultuous wars of the French Revolution, ultimately...

In 1848 CE, Europe experienced a wave of revolutions. Last week we covered some of the reform movements that presaged these uprisings. This week, we're learning about what the people wanted from the revolutions, who was involved, and how...

The Russian Revolution of 1917 marked the collapse of imperial authority and the emergence of a radically new political order. Years of military defeat, economic strain, and social inequality culminated in the February Revolution (8–16 March...

A map illustrating the situation in Europe around May 1917, during the First World War (World War I or The Great War), as the conflict had already raged on for nearly three years. The United States had recently entered the war, beginning...

This map illustrates the Russian Revolution of 1905, a wave of political and social unrest across the Russian Empire following defeat in the Russo-Japanese War (1904-5). The revolution was sparked by Bloody Sunday on 22 January 1905, when...