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Polynesian Navigation & Settlement of the Pacific
Article by Kim Martins

Polynesian Navigation & Settlement of the Pacific - Migration in Oceania

Polynesian navigation of the Pacific Ocean and its settlement began thousands of years ago. The inhabitants of the Pacific islands had been voyaging across vast expanses of ocean water sailing in double canoes or outriggers using nothing...
Indian Ocean Trade before the European Conquest
Article by James Hancock

Indian Ocean Trade before the European Conquest

Finding a maritime route to the East and gaining access to the lucrative spice trade stood at the root of the European Age of Exploration. However, when Vasco da Gama rounded the Cape of Good Hope and reached the Indian Ocean in 1493, he...
On the Ocean: The Famous Voyage of Pytheas
Article by Thomas S. Garlinghouse

On the Ocean: The Famous Voyage of Pytheas

Sometime around 330 BCE, Pytheas, a little-known Greek merchant, embarked on an astonishing voyage. It was a voyage that would take him far beyond the known boundaries of the Mediterranean, into lands thought to exist only in myth and legend...
Kon-Tiki Expedition
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Kon-Tiki Expedition - Thor Heyerdahl's Epic Crossing of the Pacific in a Raft

The Kon-Tiki expedition of 1947, led by the Norwegian Thor Heyerdahl (1914-2002), successfully crossed 8,000 km (5,000 miles) of the Pacific Ocean from Peru to the Tuamotu Islands on a balsa-wood raft. The aim of the expedition was to demonstrate...
Eyes on the East: Chronicles of the Indian Ocean Spice Trade
Article by James Hancock

Eyes on the East: Chronicles of the Indian Ocean Spice Trade

As the 15th century ended, Europeans were still mostly in the dark about the Eastern world. Early travelers like Marco Polo had given the West tidbits of information, but these accounts were too highly colored and fragmentary to provide a...
Ferdinand Magellan
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Ferdinand Magellan

Ferdinand Magellan, or Fernão de Magalhães (c. 1480-1521), was a Portuguese mariner whose expedition was the first to circumnavigate the globe in 1519-22 in the service of Spain. Magellan was killed on the voyage in what is today the Philippines...
Interview: Conquering the Ocean by Richard Hingley
Interview by Kelly Macquire

Interview: Conquering the Ocean by Richard Hingley

In this interview, World History Encyclopedia sits down with author Richard Hingly to chat about his new book Conquering the Ocean: The Roman Invasion of Britain published by Oxford University Press. Kelly: Do you want to tell us a bit about...
How did Polynesian Wayfinders Navigate the Pacific Ocean
Video by TED-Ed

How did Polynesian Wayfinders Navigate the Pacific Ocean

Learn more about TED-Ed Clubs here: https://ed.ted.com/clubs Visit the TED-Ed Clubs YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCskU_g7t6b5ecsA1CTS3y9Q View full lesson: https://ed.ted.com/lessons/how-did-polynesian-wayfinders-navigate-the-pacific-ocean-alan-tamayose-and-shantell-de-silva...
Vasco Núñez de Balboa
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Vasco Núñez de Balboa

Vasco Núñez de Balboa (1475-1519) was a Spanish conquistador who famously discovered the Pacific Ocean after crossing the isthmus of Panama in 1513. An utterly ruthless adventurer and colonizer, Balboa was as much a danger to his fellow conquistadors...
Lewis and Clark Expedition
Definition by Harrison W. Mark

Lewis and Clark Expedition

The Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804-1806) was a US military expedition of exploration, led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark, whose goal was to explore the newly acquired western lands that comprised the Louisiana Purchase and to reach...
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