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East India Company
Definition by Mark Cartwright

East India Company

The English East India Company (EIC or EEIC), later to become the British East India Company, was founded in 1600 as a trading company. With a massive private army and the backing of the British government, the EIC looted the Indian subcontinent...
Holi Celebration in the Mughal Period
Image by Unknown Artist

Holi Celebration in the Mughal Period

Krishna and the gopis celebrate Holi, watercolour painting, c. 1765. Holi is a festival of spring, of colours, and of happiness. This image depicts Holi being celebrated in the Mughal era. Royal Collection Trust, Windsor.
Seleucid Empire
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Seleucid Empire

The Seleucid Empire (312-63 BCE) was the vast political entity established by Seleucus I Nicator ("Victor" or "Unconquered", l. c. 358-281 BCE, r. 305-281 BCE), one of the generals of Alexander the Great who claimed a part of his empire after...
Mughal India c. 1707
Image by Simeon Netchev

Mughal India c. 1707

A map illustrating the emergence and expansion of one of the largest centralized states in the premodern world - the Mughal (Persian for Mongol) Empire from its foundation in 1526 by Ẓahīr al-Dīn Muḥammad Babur, a Chagatai Turk and a descendant...
Henry Every
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Henry Every

Henry Every (b. 1653), also known as Henry Avery, Benjamin Bridgeman, ‘Long Ben’ and (incorrectly) John Avery, was one of the most savage and successful pirates in the Golden Age of Piracy. Capturing a treasure ship of the Mughal emperor...
Achaemenid Empire
Definition by Peter Davidson

Achaemenid Empire

East of the Zagros Mountains, a high plateau stretches off towards India. While Egypt was rising up against the Hyksos, a wave of pastoral tribes from north of the Caspian Sea was drifting down into this area and across into India. By the...
Mughal Coin of Nur Jahan
Image by Drnsreedhar1959

Mughal Coin of Nur Jahan

Silver Mughal coin bearing the name of Queen Nur Jahan (c. 1577-1645), wife of the Mughal Emperor Jahangir (r. 1605-1627).
Fall of the Western Roman Empire
Article by Donald L. Wasson

Fall of the Western Roman Empire

To many historians, the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century CE has always been viewed as the end of the ancient world and the onset of the Middle Ages, often improperly called the Dark Ages, despite Petrarch's assertion. Since...
Gupta Empire
Definition by Dola RC

Gupta Empire

The Gupta Empire stretched across northern, central and parts of southern India between c. 320 and 550 CE. The period is noted for its achievements in the arts, architecture, sciences, religion, and philosophy. Chandragupta I (320 – 335 CE...
Preparations for a Mughal Hunt
Image by Metropolitan Museum of Art

Preparations for a Mughal Hunt

A group of four blue bulls feed in scrubland near a pond, while four imperial huntsmen are hiding behind camouflage screens. In the distance there is a hunting party with elephants, horses, and flags. The other side of this page of the album...
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