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Definition
Greek Colonization
From around 800 BCE, ancient Greek city-states, most of which were maritime powers, began to look beyond Greece for land and resources. As a consequence, they founded colonies across the Mediterranean. Trade was usually the first step in...
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Map of the Trade Routes in the Ancient Mediterranean
This map illustrates the dynamic trade networks of the ancient Mediterranean between the 7th and 4th centuries BCE, highlighting the spheres of influence of the Phoenicians and Greeks as they established settlements, trading posts, and seafaring...
Definition
Mycenaean Civilization
The Mycenaean civilization flourished in the Late Bronze Age (c. 1700-1100 BCE), peaking from the 15th to the 13th century BCE. The Mycenaeans extended their influence throughout the Peloponnese in Greece and across the Aegean from Crete...
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The Eastern Trade Network of Ancient Rome
The life of wealthy Romans was filled with exotic luxuries such as cinnamon, myrrh, pepper, or silk acquired through long-distance international trade. Goods from the Far East arrived in Rome through two corridors – the Red Sea and the Persian...
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Late Bronze Age Mediterranean Trade, c. 1400-1200 BCE - Empires, Merchants, and Maritime Routes of the Ancient World
This map illustrates the vibrant trade networks of the eastern Mediterranean during the Late Bronze Age (circa 1500–1200 BCE), highlighting an era of growing interconnectivity among major powers. Goods, ideas, and diplomatic contacts flowed...
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The North Sea Empire of Cnut the Great, 1016 - 1035
A map illustrating the rise and extent of the North Sea Empire under the rule of Cnut the Great (aka Canute, Cnut Cyning, or Knútr Inn Ríki) as a personal union of England, Denmark, and Norway between 1016 and 1035 CE. One of only two English...
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Map of the Mediterranean 218 BCE
A map of the Mediterranean in 218 BC, showing the territorial extents of the following states:
- Antigonids
- Attalids
- Carthage
- Ptolemies
- Roman Empire
- Seleucids
Major battle locations are also shown.
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Middle Eastern Power Shifts & the Trade of Pepper from East to West
Pepper has long been the king of spices and for almost 2,000 years dominated world trade. Originating in India, it was known in Greece by the 4th century BCE and was an integral part of the Roman diet by 30 BCE. It remained a force in Europe...
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Map of the Mediterranean 550 BC
A map of the Mediterranean around 550 BC, showing the major cultures:
- Greece and its colonies
- Phoenicia and its colonies
- Lydia
- Egypt
- Persia
- Thrace
- Illyria
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The Western Mediterranean 264 BCE
Map of the western Mediterranean at the time of the First Punic War in 264 BCE.
