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Definition
War of the Fifth Coalition
The War of the Fifth Coalition (1809) was a major conflict of the Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815) that was fought primarily in Central Europe between the First French Empire and its client states against the Austrian Empire...
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Map of Europe after the War of the Austrian Succession, 1748 - Dynastic Rivalry and Balance of Power
The War of the Austrian Succession (1740–1748) reshaped the political balance of Europe after the death of Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor (reign 1711–1740) and...
Definition
Miklós Horthy
Miklós Horthy (1868-1957) was a Hungarian admiral and statesman who served as regent for the Kingdom of Hungary from 1920 until his forced abdication in 1944. During the interwar period and for most of World War II, Horthy played...
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Holy Roman Emperors Charles V & Ferdinand I
Illustration of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V (r. 1519-1556 CE) and Ferdinand I. The illustration depicts the Habsburg brothers Charles V (left) sitting by the imperial coat of arms, while Ferdinand (right...
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Louis XVI, the Girondins, & the Road to Revolutionary War (1791-92)
On 20 April 1792, King Louis XVI of France (r. 1774-1792) stood before the Legislative Assembly and, with a faltering voice, read a declaration of war against Austria, to the ecstatic delight...
Video
Enlightened Monarchs: Crash Course
Last time we learned about the Enlightenment, and the philosophers and thinkers whose ideas would shape governance for hundred of years. This week, we're learning how monarchs across Europe were influenced by those...
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The "Spring of Nations": Revolutionary Europe in 1848 - From Revolution to Reaction: Nationalism and Upheaval in Nineteenth-Century Europe
This map illustrates the sweeping republican revolts and political upheavals that erupted across Europe in 1848, a year known as...
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Maria Theresa and Her Family
Maria Theresa of Austria and her family, oil on canvas by Martin van Meytens, c. 1754. Those depicted include Maria Theresa (right, seated) her husband Francis I (left, seated), a young Joseph II (center, standing next...
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Court Banquet With Maria Theresa and Francis Stephen
Banquet (en grand couvert) at the court in Vienna, oil on canvas attributed to Johan Lundberg, 1734. The couple seated on the right of the painting are Maria Theresa, future ruler of the Habsburg...
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Maria Theresa of Austria
Portrait of Maria Theresa, ruler of the Habsburg monarchy from 1740-1780, oil on canvas by Martin van Meytens, 1750.
Academy of Fine Arts, Vienna.