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Jamestown Colony of Virginia
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Jamestown Colony of Virginia

The Jamestown Colony in Virginia was the first permanent English settlement in North America founded in 1607. It was the third attempt of the Virginia Company of London to establish a permanent trade center in the Americas following the failures...
Samuel Adams
Definition by Harrison W. Mark

Samuel Adams

Samuel Adams (1722-1803) was a prominent Patriot leader in the American Revolution (1765-1789), and a Founding Father of the United States. He was one of the most vocal opponents of 'taxation without representation', was a founding member...
Stephen Hopkins
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Stephen Hopkins

Stephen Hopkins (l. 1581-1644 CE) was a passenger of the Mayflower on the voyage of 1620 CE which established the Plymouth Colony in present-day Massachusetts, USA. He was the only member of the party with prior experience in North America...
Ship Money
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Ship Money - The Unpopular Tax

Ship Money was a tax applied by medieval monarchs to English coastal communities to pay for ships for the Royal Navy and so ward off pirates and enemies of the state. During the reign of Charles I of England (r. 1625-1649), the tax was used...
The Violent and Mysterious Death of Christopher Marlowe
Article by Harrison W. Mark

The Violent and Mysterious Death of Christopher Marlowe

On the evening of 30 May 1593, the sounds of a heated argument could be heard emanating from a boarding house in Deptford, a district of London on the south bank of the River Thames. Two of the boarders were quarreling over which of them...
The Wyndclyffe Estate
Article by Joshua J. Mark

The Wyndclyffe Estate

There are many fascinating and forlorn ruins throughout New York’s Hudson Valley, and, among them, the tottering remains of what was once considered the grandest home in the area and among the most famous in the country: Wyndclyffe. Between...
Hubmaier's Concerning Heretics and Those Who Burn Them
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Hubmaier's Concerning Heretics and Those Who Burn Them

Balthasar Hubmaier (l. 1480-1528) was a Catholic theologian who converted to the Protestant Anabaptist sect in 1525. His Concerning Heretics and Those Who Burn Them (1524) was a plea for religious tolerance written prior to his conversion...
The House of Tudor
Collection by Mark Cartwright

The House of Tudor

The House of Tudor ruled England from 1485 to 1603 CE. The period is seen as a Golden Age of English history when strong-willed monarchs made lasting contributions to the nation's history, strutted around in flamboyant clothes and gave endless...
Wars of the Roses
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Wars of the Roses

The Wars of the Roses (1455-1487) was a dynastic conflict between the English nobility and monarchy which led to four decades of intermittent battles, executions, and murder plots. The English elite was split into two camps, each centred...
Edward VI of England
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Edward VI of England

Edward VI of England reigned as king from 1547 to 1553 CE. Succeeding his father Henry VIII of England (r. 1509-1547 CE), Edward was only nine years old at the time and so the kingdom was ruled by a council of nobles, foremost among whom...
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