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Book of the Heavenly Cow
Definition

Book of the Heavenly Cow

The Book of the Heavenly Cow is an ancient Egyptian text dealing with the rebellion of humanity against the sun god Ra, his destruction of the rebels through the goddess Hathor, the reversal of this decision and Ra's mercy...
Egyptian Obelisk
Definition

Egyptian Obelisk

An obelisk is a stone rectangular pillar with a tapered top forming a pyramidion, set on a base, erected to commemorate an individual or event and honor the gods. The ancient Egyptians created the form at some point in the Early...
Senusret III
Definition

Senusret III - Greatest Egyptian Monarch of the Middle Kingdom

Senusret III (circa 1878-1839 BCE, also known as Senwosret III, Sesostris III) was the 5th king of the 12th Dynasty of the Middle Kingdom of Egypt (2040-1782 BCE). His reign is often considered...
Detail of Stela of Ptolemy IX & Cleopatra III
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Detail of Stela of Ptolemy IX & Cleopatra III

Greek texts were incised on this granite stela. It documents a royal visit to Elephantine. Ptolemy IX and Cleopatra III, his mother and co-regent, granted privileges to the priests of Khnum, a local ram...
Trade in Ancient Egypt
Article

Trade in Ancient Egypt

Trade has always been a vital aspect of any civilization whether at the local or international level. However many goods one has, whether as an individual, a community, or a country, there will always be something one lacks...
The Admonitions of Ipuwer
Article

The Admonitions of Ipuwer - A Tale of Chaos and the Importance of Government

The Admonitions of Ipuwer (also known as The Papyrus Ipuwer and The Admonitions of an Egyptian Sage) is a literary text dated to the Middle Kingdom of Egypt (2040-1782 BCE). The...
Ancient Egyptian Science & Technology
Article

Ancient Egyptian Science & Technology

The great temples and monuments of ancient Egypt continue to fascinate and amaze people in the modern day. The sheer size and scope of structures like the Great Pyramid at Giza or the Temple of Amun at Karnak...
Legions of Spain, Roman Africa & Egypt
Article

Legions of Spain, Roman Africa & Egypt

The legions of Spain, Roman Africa, and Egypt did not see the intensity of action that prevailed elsewhere in Europe. However, the presence of these four legions - VII Gemina, IX Hispana, XXII Deiotariana, and...
Statue of Ramesses II
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Statue of Ramesses II

This granite statue of Ramesses II was discovered at the Temple of Khnum, Elephantine, Egypt (1280 BCE). Ramesses II was a very successful ruler between around 1279-1213 BCE. Here he holds a crook and flail and wears a double...
Red Granite Offering Table of King Senusret III
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Red Granite Offering Table of King Senusret III

Offerings were placed upon a reed mat, reproduced in stone as the offering tables of the Dynastic periods. On this royal example, the hieroglyph hetep "offering" is written on the surface. The sign comprises...
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