Charles Martel: Did you mean...?

Joan of Arc (Jeanne D'Arc, l. c. 1412-1431 CE) was a medieval peasant who, claiming to receive visions from God, turned the tide of the Hundred Years' War in favor of a French victory. She was famously martyrd for standing by her...

Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658) was an accomplished cavalry commander, then head of Parliament's New Model Army, and finally Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland. The latter title was awarded to Cromwell for life after...

The Saxon Wars (772-804) were a series of conflicts between the Franks under Charlemagne, who sought to conquer Saxony and convert the populace to Christianity, and the Saxons who resisted. The conflict lasted over 30 years through...

Saint Boniface (born as Wynfreth, l. 672-754) is one of the most famous saints in the Netherlands. He helped Pope Gregory II (r. 715-731), who was keen to convert pagan Germanic tribes, to achieve his goal, the Christianization...

Lothaire Bluteau as Charles of West Francia and Morgane Polanski as Gisela of France in the TV series Vikings. The Charles character is an amalgamation of the historical kings of West...

Lothaire Bluteau as Charles of West Francia in the TV series Vikings. The character is an amalgamation of the historical kings of West Francia, Charles the Bald, Charles the Simple and Charles the Fat. Photo...

Charles VI and Pierre Salmon in discussion, illumination on parchment by Mazarine Master, included in Dialogues de Pierre Salmon, c. 1412-1415. A contemporary depiction of King Charles VI of France talking with his...

The Petition of Right was a list of demands of King Charles I of England (r. 1625-1649) issued by Parliament in June 1628. The petition came after three years of disagreements between the king and Parliament over finances, religious...

Rollo (l. c.860-c.930 CE, r. 911-927 CE) was a Viking chieftain who became the founder and first ruler of the region of Normandy. He converted to Christianity as part of a deal with the Frankish king Charles the Simple (893-923...

Ship Money was a tax applied by medieval monarchs to English coastal communities to pay for ships for the Royal Navy and so ward off pirates and enemies of the state. During the reign of Charles I of England (r. 1625-1649...