Charles Babbage: Did you mean...?

Zach McGowan as the English pirate Charles Vane (d. 1721) in the TV series Black Sails. © 2014 Starz

A painting portraying Charles Gravier, count of Vergennes, State minister of Foreign Affairs (1717-1787). Oil on canvas painting, by Antoine-François Callet (1741-1823). From the Palace of Versailles collection.

Charles Townshend (1725-1767), a British Member of Parliament and architect of the Townshend Acts of 1767-68. Portrait by Joshua Reynolds, c. 1765. Royal Academy, London.

http://www.tomrichey.net/euro Soon after the death of Oliver Cromwell, the Commonwealth government collapsed and Charles II, the son of the executed Charles I, was invited to return to England and restore the monarchy. Charles II, known...

The English Civil Wars (1642-1651) witnessed a bitter conflict between Royalists ('Cavaliers') and Parliamentarians ('Roundheads'). The Royalists supported first King Charles I of England (r. 1625-1649) and then his son Charles II, while...

The War of the Fifth Coalition (1809) was a major conflict of the Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815) that was fought primarily in Central Europe between the First French Empire and its client states against the Austrian Empire, supported by the...

The Hundred Years' War (1337-1453) was an intermittent conflict fought between England and France that started when king Edward III of England (r. 1327-1377) squabbled with Philip VI of France (r. 1328-1350) over feudal rights concerning...

Joan of Arc (Jeanne D'Arc, l. c. 1412-1431 CE) was a medieval peasant who, claiming to receive visions from God, turned the tide of the Hundred Years' War in favor of a French victory. She was famously martyrd for standing by her claim of...

Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658) was an accomplished cavalry commander, then head of Parliament's New Model Army, and finally Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland. The latter title was awarded to Cromwell for life after the bloody...

The Augsburg Confession is the affirmation of faith of the Lutheran Church written by Philip Melanchthon (l. 1497-1560) and presented at the Diet of Augsburg in June 1530. The document attempted to reconcile differences between the Lutherans...