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Naval Warfare in Ancient India
The navy in ancient India carried out three roles: it was used to transport troops to distant battlefields, participate in actual warfare, and was primarily meant for protecting the kingdom's trade on sea and navigable...
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European Discovery & Conquest of Sri Lanka
The island of Sri Lanka (formerly known as Ceylon) became a focus of European attention soon after the Portuguese entry into the Indian Ocean in the late 15th century. Large swaths of the island would come...
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Map of the Indian Rebellion (Sepoy Mutiny) of 1857
The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was a transformative uprising that shook British rule in South Asia. Sparked in May 1857 by mutinous sepoys ((from Persian sepāhī, for soldier)) of the East India Company...
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Map of the Rise of the Delhi Sultanate: The Mamluk Period - From Slave Commanders to Sultans
The Delhi Sultanate under the Mamluk (or “Slave”) Dynasty (1206–1290) marked the consolidation of centralized Muslim rule in northern India following the fragmentation...
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Robert Clive & Mir Jafar at Plassey
A c. 1760 painting showing Robert Clive (1725-1774) and Mir Jafar, future nawab of Bengal, after the battle of Plassey, 23 June, 1757. (National Portrait Gallery, London)
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Robert Clive & Shah Alam
An 1818 painting by Benjamin West showing Robert Clive (1725-1774), Governor General of Bengal and representative of the East India Company, meeting the Mughal emperor Shah Alam in 1765 to gain tax collecting rights. (British...
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Ruins of an Indigo Factory
Ruins of an indigo factory at Mongalganj, near Bangaon in West Bengal, India. Indigo was an important cash crop for the East India Company and during the British Raj.
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Buddha in the Attitude of the Victory over Mara
This sculpture represents the Buddha on the verge of enlightenment responding to the challenge of the demon Mara. Mara, who profits from chaos and suffering in the world, questioned the Buddha's right...
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Fort William, Calcutta
A view of Fort William, Calcutta in the 1750s when it was commanded by the British East India Company. The fort was captured by the Nawab of Bengal, Siraj-ud-Daulah, in June 1756. Captured British soldiers who had defended...
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Giraffe Tribute to Emperor Yongle
A silk scroll painting by Shen Du depicting a giraffe given in tribute by King Saif Al-Din Hamzah Shah of Bengal to the Yongle Emperor (r. 1403-1424 CE) of China's Ming Dynasty. The tribute was one of the many collected...
