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Giraffe Tribute to Emperor Yongle
A silk scroll painting by Shen Du depicting a giraffe given in tribute by King Saif Al-Din Hamzah Shah of Bengal to the Yongle Emperor (r. 1403-1424 CE) of China's Ming Dynasty. The tribute was one of the many collected by Admiral Zheng He...

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Fort William, Calcutta
A view of Fort William, Calcutta in the 1750s when it was commanded by the British East India Company. The fort was captured by the Nawab of Bengal, Siraj-ud-Daulah, in June 1756. Captured British soldiers who had defended the fort were then...

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Ganesha Stela
An 11th century CE slate relief of a dancing Ganesha from North Bengal, India. (Asian Art Museum of Berlin)

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Ruins of an Indigo Factory
Ruins of an indigo factory at Mongalganj, near Bangaon in West Bengal, India. Indigo was an important cash crop for the East India Company and during the British Raj.

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Buddha in the Attitude of the Victory over Mara
This sculpture represents the Buddha on the verge of enlightenment responding to the challenge of the demon Mara. Mara, who profits from chaos and suffering in the world, questioned the Buddha's right to become enlightened. Disturbed from...

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Sun Temple, Konârak (UNESCO/NHK)
On the shores of the Bay of Bengal, bathed in the rays of the rising sun, the temple at Konarak in India is a monumental representation of the sun god Surya's chariot; its 24 wheels are decorated with symbolic designs and it is led by a team...

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Ruins of the Buddhist Vihara at Paharpur (UNESCO/NHK)
Evidence of the rise of Mahayana Buddhism in Bengal from the 7th century onwards, Somapura Mahavira, or the Great Monastery, was a renowned intellectual centre until the 12th century. Its layout perfectly adapted to its religious function...

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Dutch East India Company
The Dutch East India Company (VOC) was formed in 1602 by the Staten-Generaal (States General) of the then Republic of the Seven United Netherlands. The company was granted a 21-year charter with rights to trade exclusively in Asia and to...

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Chandragupta Maurya
Chandragupta Maurya (c. 321 - c. 297 BCE), known as Sandrakottos (or Sandrokottos) to the Greeks, was the founder of the Maurya Dynasty (4th-2nd century BCE) and is credited with the setting up of the first (nearly) pan-Indian empire. Aided...

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Mahabalipuram
Mahabalipuram or Mamallapuram is a historic city and UNESCO World Heritage site in Tamil Nadu, India. During the reign of the Pallava dynasty, between the 3rd century CE and 7th century CE, it became an important centre of art, architecture...