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Western Classical Music, c. 1700-1950
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Western Classical Music, c. 1700-1950

Between c. 1700 and 1950, Western classical music evolved alongside profound political, social, and technological change, moving through four broad stylistic phases: Baroque, Classicism, Romanticism, and Modernism...
Felix Mendelssohn
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Felix Mendelssohn

Felix Mendelssohn (1809-1847) was a German composer of Romantic music best known for his symphonies, overtures, concertos, piano pieces, and songs. Amongst his most popular works are his Wedding March from his score for A Midsummer...
Antonio Vivaldi
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Antonio Vivaldi

Antonio Vivaldi (1678-1741) was an Italian violin virtuoso and composer of baroque music (c. 1600-1750). Best known for his violin concertos, notably The Four Seasons, Vivaldi made a significant contribution to the evolution of...
Igor Stravinsky
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Igor Stravinsky

Igor Stravinsky (1882-1971) was a Russian composer best known for his works for the stage, such as the ballets The Firebird, Petrushka, and the groundbreaking The Rite of Spring. The modernist composer lived in Switzerland, France...
Ludwig van Beethoven
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Ludwig van Beethoven

Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827) was a German composer of Classical and Romantic music; he is widely regarded as one of the greatest musicians to have ever lived. Most famous for his nine symphonies, piano concertos, piano...
Dmitri Shostakovich
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Dmitri Shostakovich

Dmitri Shostakovich (1906-1975) was a Russian composer of operas, ballets, concertos, string quartets, and 15 symphonies. Shostakovich was frequently denounced by the repressive Soviet state, but in some periods, he also gained...
Gustav Holst
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Gustav Holst

Gustav Holst (1874-1934) was a British composer of Swedish origin most famous for his dramatic orchestral suite The Planets, first performed in public in 1919. Holst also composed several operas, wrote sacred choral works such as...
Frédéric Chopin
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Frédéric Chopin

Frédéric Chopin (1810-1849) was a Polish composer and virtuoso noted for his solo piano music. Chopin's work helped make the piano the most popular musical instrument of the 19th century. One of the great composers of Romantic...
Baroque Nautilus Shell
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Baroque Nautilus Shell

A decorated and gilded nautilus shell. Indo-Pacific, 17th century. Part of the exhibition Baroque, Age of Contrasts in the Swiss National Museum, Zürich. ©Swiss National Museum (used with permission)
French Baroque Tapestry
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French Baroque Tapestry

A tapestry showing an event during talks in relation to the Treaty of the Pyrenees, and the proposed marriage of Louis XIV and the Spanish Infanta. Paris, 1668, tapestry (high warp), silk, wool, gold thread. Part of the...
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