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Yuan Dynasty
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Yuan Dynasty

The Yuan Dynasty was established by the Mongols and ruled China from 1271 to 1368. Their first emperor was Kublai Khan (r. 1260-1294) who finally defeated the Song Dynasty which had reigned in China since 960. Stability and peace within China...
The Lives of Women in Ancient China
Video by Kelly Macquire

The Lives of Women in Ancient China

In Ancient China, it was widely known that it was better to be born a male than a female. To be born a female meant being subordinate to one’s father, then to one’s husband and if a wife became a widow, then she would be subordinate to her...
Gui Vessel from Ancient China
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Gui Vessel from Ancient China

China's bronze-casting traditions can be traced back to about 2000 BCE. Elaborate bronze vessels were made for ritual and ceremonial use, often to make offerings to ancestors. The materials and technology of this long-standing tradition were...
The Civil Service Examinations of Imperial China
Article by Mark Cartwright

The Civil Service Examinations of Imperial China

The civil service examinations of Imperial China allowed the state to find the best candidates to staff the vast bureaucracy that governed China from the Han Dynasty onwards (206 BCE - 220 CE). The exams were a means for a young male of any...
Knife Money from Ancient China
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Knife Money from Ancient China

Knife money of the Warring States period retained some features of the real tools, including the ring and the strengethening ridges on the handle. The States in the north and north-east issued knife money. 1. Zhao State, circa 500 BCE...
Maitreya Votive from Ancient China
Image by James Blake Wiener

Maitreya Votive from Ancient China

This votive of Maitreya, the Buddha of the future as a bodhisattva, dates from the early 6th century CE during the Northern Wei Dynasty, and it is made of chalkstone. It comes from the Longmen Cave Temples in China's Henan province. (Museum...
Spade Money from Ancient China
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Spade Money from Ancient China

During the Warring States period, 475-221 BCE, the various states used different forms of spade money. There are several weight systems, and this is reflected in the inscriptions. 2. Zhou State, 300s BCE, Warring States period. 3. Wei...
Silk Road
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Silk Road

The Silk Road was a network of ancient trade routes, formally established during the Han Dynasty of China in 130 BCE, which linked the regions of the ancient world in commerce between 130 BCE-1453 CE. The Silk Road was not a single route...
Interview: Korea-Japan Relations Through the Prism of Archaeology
Interview by James Blake Wiener

Interview: Korea-Japan Relations Through the Prism of Archaeology

Ancient East Asia was dominated by the three states known today as China, Japan, and Korea. The complex chain of successive kingdoms created a rich web of events that archaeologists have sometimes found difficult to disentangle; a situation...
The Social Structure of Ancient China
Video by Harrison Smith

The Social Structure of Ancient China

This video unpacks the social structure that existed during Ancient China. The roles and responsibilities of the emperor, shi, nong, going and shong are explained. The video also provides learners with further information to deepen their...
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