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13th Century CE Roll of Arms
The oldest known English roll of arms, dating to c. 1244 CE. It is a single sheet painted on both sides by Mathew Paris and showing 75 coats of arms starting with the king’s. (British Library, London)

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Hellenic Leagues and Hegemonies, 4th century BCE
A map illustrating the Hellenic world's dynamic political landscape in the aftermath of the Peloponnesian War (431–404 BCE) and the emergence of numerous leagues and hegemonies. These alliances formed among city-states and regions to navigate...

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Early-18th Century Flintlock Pistol
A flintlock pistol, c. 1700-1730. English lock and stock. (Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York)

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Early Christian Pilgrimage (4th-5th Century)
A map illustrating the establishment of the pilgrimage ('pilgrim' comes from the Latin word peregrinus - a stranger, someone on a journey) to holy places after Roman Emperor Constantine’s conversion to Christianity in 313 CE. The idea of...

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15-century CE Nautical Map
Nautical chart of the North-East Atlantic Ocean, the Baltic Sea, the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea, accompanied by a circular world map.
Alleged author: Cristopher Columbus (l. 1451-1506 CE)
Gallica Digital Library

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Scythian Noblewomen, 4th-3rd Century BCE
A visualization of Scythian noblewomen in traditional festive garb.
Special thanks to Patrick Scott Smith for his research and input.

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The Byzantine Empire in the mid-9th century CE
A map of the Byzantine Empire, c. 867 CE.

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19th-century Drawing of Weetamoo
Drawing of Weetamoo (l. c. 1635-1676) from page 48 of Frost's Pictorial History of Indian Wars and Captivities by John Frost, 1873.

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The Korean Peninsula and the Japanese Archipelago, 3rd-6th century CE
Map of Pen/Insular states and potential centres in the 3rd–6th centuries CE.

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Columbarium Being Stripped Bare by 18th-Century Treasure Hunters
From the 15th-18th centuries CE, the many columbaria that lined the consular highways leading out of Rome were plundered and destroyed. Consequently, one sees bits and pieces of them cemented into the walls of villas and palazzos all over...