11th century: Did you mean...?

Map of Pen/Insular states and potential centres in the 3rd–6th centuries CE.

From the 15th-18th centuries CE, the many columbaria that lined the consular highways leading out of Rome were plundered and destroyed. Consequently, one sees bits and pieces of them cemented into the walls of villas and palazzos all over...

A 1755 illustration of the port of Luanda, capital of the colony of Portuguese Angola and capital of today's Angola. Luanda was one of the major points of assembly for African slaves destined for the Americas.

An image of Crispus Attucks created c. 1854 when he became an inspirational figure for the abolitionist movement in the United States. There is no way of knowing whether this image represents the actual Crispus Attucks.

Tobacco paper for Sharpe's Best Virginia, at Fleet Street, London, c. 1725-1775 CE. British Museum, London.

In the ancient world, some coins had dates on them. giving us precise information as to when people ruled. These coins are inscribed with dates, so they give fixed points in the chronology of ancient states, to which other evidence can be...

Dithmarschen in the Theatrum Orbis Terrarum by Abraham Ortelius, 1570

The motte and bailey castle was an early form of medieval fortification especially popular with the Normans in northern France and Britain during the 11th century CE. A single tower was built on (or partially within) the motte or earth mound...

The Great Hall was the architectural centrepiece of a medieval castle's interior and functioned as the social and administrative hub of the castle and its estates. With everyone dining and sleeping in the hall in its early days, the room...

The weapons of an English medieval knight in combat included the long sword, wooden lance with an iron tip, metal-headed mace, battle-axe, and dagger. Trained since childhood and practised at tournaments, the skilled knight could inflict...