??europe ??: Did you mean...?

The Romani (colloquially known as the "Gypsies") are a community of European itinerants with surprising origins in northwest India. In this video, we explore the fascinating histories of two distinct Romani groups: the Roma and the Sinti...

Looking East, Looking West: Mughal Painting between Persia and Europe November 19, 2015 Getty Center Lecture by Kavita Singh Introductory remarks by Thomas W. Gaehtgens and Brian Sweeney Kavita Singh is professor of art history at...

Written language, the hallmark of human civilization, didn't just suddenly appear one day. Thousands of years before the first fully developed writing systems, our ancestors scrawled geometric signs across the walls of the caves they sheltered...

This is part two of our video series on the history of Napoleon. In this video, we cover the period from the Napoleonic wars until the invasion of Russia. Chapter 00:00 Introduction 00:53 The Third Coalition 01:49 French domination...

Romani is an umbrella term used to describe a diverse ethnolinguistic group of people with a historical presence in Europe and West Asia. The historically common term 'Gypsy' is based on the myth that they came from Egypt. In reality, the...

Batu Khan (l. 1205-1255 CE) was a grandson of Genghis Khan and the founder of the Golden Horde. Batu was a skilled Mongol military commander and won battles from China to Persia, although his most famous exploits involve the grand Mongol...

One of the major motivating factors in the European Age of Exploration was the search for direct access to the highly lucrative Eastern spice trade. In the 15th century, spices came to Europe via the Middle East land and sea routes, and spices...

The Columbian exchange is a term coined by Alfred Crosby Jr. in 1972 that is traditionally defined as the transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the Old World of Europe and Africa and the New World of the Americas. The exchange...

Alpine stilt houses are a unique and fascinating aspect of prehistoric architecture in the Alps, which provide valuable insights into the lives and culture of the ancient communities. The houses were built by prehistoric communities living...

The origins of the Second World War (1939-45) may be traced back to the harsh peace settlement of the First World War (1914-18) and the economic crisis of the 1930s, while more immediate causes were the aggressive invasions of their neighbours...