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Map of the Roman Trade with the East, c. 1st–3rd Centuries - Silk Roads and Indian Ocean Routes across Afro-Eurasia
Roman trade with the East refers to the overland and maritime exchange networks that connected the Roman Empire with Parthian Iran, the Kushan Empire, India, Southeast Asia, Han China, and, from the 3rd century CE, the Sasanian Empire. During...
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Map of the Diocletian's First Tetrarchy and the Roman Empire - Stability Through Division, Succession by Design
The First Tetrarchy (293–305 CE) was Emperor Diocletian's (reign 284–305 CE) solution to the political and military crises that had nearly destroyed the Roman Empire during the Crisis of the Third Century (235–284 CE). Following decades of...
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Map of the Assyria in the Middle Assyrian Period - Campaigns and Rival Powers in the Late Bronze Age
The Middle Assyrian period (c. 1365–1000 BCE) emerged from the shifting balance of power in the Late Bronze Age Near East. After earlier subordination to Mitanni, Assyria reasserted its autonomy under Ashur-uballit I (reign c. 1365–1330 BCE...
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Ulysses and Penelope, Hit Comics 43
Ulysses and Penelope, illustration by Pete Riss, edited by George Brenner, Hit Comics 43, p. 6, United States, Nov 1946. The central couple of Homer's Odyssey, Ulysses (Odysseus) and Penelope, are depicted here in an American superhero comic...
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Ulysses, Penelope and Euryclea
Ulysses, Penelope and Euryclea, drawing by John Flaxman, England, circa 1775-1826. After two decades of being away from his wife, Penelope, Odysseus (Ulysses in Latin) reunites with her, recounting the many tales of the Trojan War and his...
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Helen Recognising Telemachus, Son of Odysseus
Helen Recognising Telemachus, Son of Odysseus, oil on panel by Jean-Jacques Lagrenée, 1795. In a scene from Book 4 of Homer's Odyssey, Helen recognizes Telemachus when he visits Sparta due to his striking resemblance to his father, Odysseus...
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Odysseus Transformed by Athena into Beggar
Ulysses transformed by Athena into beggar, oil on canvas by Giuseppe Bottani, 1775. The goddess Athena is shown here helping Odysseus avoid the attention of his wife's suitors. Penelope and Odysseus meeting as a beggar is a critical moment...
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Penelope with the Suitors
Penelope with the Suitors, fresco by Pintoricchio, c. 1509. This 16th-century depiction of Penelope and her suitors from Homer's Odyssey was part of a series of frescoes commissioned by the city of Siena's ruler, Pandolfo Petrucci. The...
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Athena and Penelope
Athena by Penelope's side as she weaves, by Philipp Veit, Germany, c. 1811-1877. The goddess Athena plays a crucial role in Homer's Odyssey. One way in which she serves as a divine helper is by supporting Penelope, Odysseus's wife, in her...
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Penelope Stares at Her Shroud
Leuckart Certificate (Penelope stares at her Shroud), by Max Klinger, Germany, c. 1900. A print of Penelope, Odysseus's unflinching wife in Homer's Odyssey, as she stares at the shroud she has been weaving for years. The shroud acts as a...
