Persian Warfare Timeline

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625 BCE - 585 BCE

Median army organized during the reign of Cyaxares of the Medes.
c. 550 BCE - 530 BCE

Achaemenid Army organized under Cyrus the Great of Persia based on Cyaxares' model.
522 BCE - 486 BCE

The Achaemenid Persian military is expanded and refined under the reign of Darius I the Great.
486 BCE - 465 BCE

Achaemenid Persian military expanded further under the reign of Xerxes I.
247 BCE - 224 CE

Under the Parthian Empire, cavalry becomes the dominant force of the military in the region.
224 CE - 240 CE

Reign of Ardashir I who founds Sassanian Empire and reorganizes the military drawing on all the models of the past and present.
224 CE - 651 CE

Under the Sassanian Empire, the Persian military becomes the greatest fighting force in the ancient world, repeatedly defeating Roman Empire.
651 CE

Sassanian Empire falls to invading Muslim Arabs; Persian army and navy are disbanded.

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