Persian Warfare Timeline

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  • 625 BCE - 585 BCE
    Median army organized during the reign of Cyaxares of the Medes.
  • c. 550 BCE - 530 BCE
    Achaemenid Army organized under Cyrus the Great of Persia based on Cyaxares' model.
  • 522 BCE - 486 BCE
    The Achaemenid Persian military is expanded and refined under the reign of Darius I the Great.
  • 486 BCE - 465 BCE
    Achaemenid Persian military expanded further under the reign of Xerxes I.
  • 247 BCE - 224 CE
    Under the Parthian Empire, cavalry becomes the dominant force of the military in the region.
  • 224 CE - 240 CE
    Reign of Ardashir I who founds Sassanian Empire and reorganizes the military drawing on all the models of the past and present.
  • 224 CE - 651 CE
    Under the Sassanian Empire, the Persian military becomes the greatest fighting force in the ancient world, repeatedly defeating Roman Empire.
  • 651 CE
    Sassanian Empire falls to invading Muslim Arabs; Persian army and navy are disbanded.
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