Herakleia Lynkestis (Heraclea Lyncestis; Ἡράκλεια Λυγκηστίς) was a city in the ancient kingdom of Macedon not far from modern Bitola, founded c. 358 BCE by Philip II of Macedon (r. 359-336 BCE) as a governing centre for his new expansions around the older capital, Aigai, east of his current capital, Pella, to secure his western border from further Illyrian invasions.
More about: Herakleia LynkestisDefinition
Timeline
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c. 1200 BCEEarliest pieces of Protogeometric pottery decorated in a Macedonian style made in Upper Macedonia.
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1074 BCEAletes, the last Dorian king of Late Bronze Age Corinth, is deposed.
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926 BCE - 891 BCEBacchis, a descendent of Aletes, becomes king of Corinth.
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748 BCETelestes, the Bacchiad king of Corinth, is killed by Arieus and Perantas from a different faction of the Bacchiads. The Corinthian political system changes to oligarchy.
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655 BCECypselus ends the oligarchy in Corinth and expels the Bacchiads.
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c. 580 BCEThe Bacchiads move to Upper Macedonia, and become the ruling clan of the Lynkestian tribe.
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423 BCEThe Battle of Lynkestis – Joined forces of Lynkestis and Illyria successfully avert the Macedonian-Spartan invasion.
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413 BCEArchelaus of Macedon invades Lynkestis without success.
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393 BCEAmynthas III of Macedon attempts to capture Lynkestis and breaks its alliance with Illyria only to be defeated by their joined forces.
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390 BCEAmynthas III marries Eurydice of Lynkestis to consolidate a coalition with both Lynkestis and its Illyrian ally.
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358 BCEPhilip II of Macedon decisively defeats the Illyrian invasion of Lynkestis and founds Herakleia Lynkestis as a guarding citadel to secure Macedonian border with Illyria.
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351 BCEHerakleia Lynkestis appears for the first time in a written document: Demosthenes' first speech Against Philip the Macedon.
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148 BCEFollowing the Roman conquest of Macedonia, Herakleia Lynkestis becomes the centre of Macedonia Quatra province of the Roman Empire.
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c. 100 CERoman architectural features are introduced to the revived city of Heraclea Lyncestis, turning it into a thriving centre of commerce, law, and administration.
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c. 300 CE - c. 500 CEHeraclea Lyncestis thrives as an episcopal seat in the Early Christian era.
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c. 600 CEA Slavic tribe settles in the region around the already abandoned city of Heraclea Lyncestis.