The First Crusade (1095-1102) was a military campaign by western European forces to recapture the city of Jerusalem and the Holy Land from Muslim control. Conceived by Pope Urban II following an appeal from the Byzantine emperor Alexios I Komnenos, the Crusade was a success with Christian forces taking control of Jerusalem on 15 July 1099.
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Definition
Timeline
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Apr 1081 - Aug 1118Reign of Byzantine emperor Alexios I Komnenos.
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1088 - 1099Reign of Pope Urban II.
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1095 - 1102The First Crusade is formed to recapture Jerusalem for Christendom. It is successful in its primary aim.
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Mar 1095Byzantine emperor Alexios I Komnenos appeals to the west for aid against the Seljuks.
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27 Nov 1095At the Council of Clermont, Pope Urban II calls for the First Crusade to form and retake Jerusalem for Christendom.
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Mar 1096The people's army led by Peter the Hermit departs for Constantinople during the First Crusade.
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21 Oct 1096The 'People's Crusade' is wiped out near Nicaea by a Seljuk army.n
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21 Oct 1096The "People's Crusade" led by Peter the Hermit is wiped out by a Seljuk army near Nicaea.
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1097The First Crusaders arrive at Constantinople.
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1097The First Crusaders capture Nicaea.
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1 Jul 1097A Crusader army wins a great victory against a Muslim army at Dorylaion.
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Mar 1098Baldwin of Boulogne takes control of Edessa and the County of Edessa is formed, one of four Crusader-created states in the Levant.
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3 Jun 1098The First Crusaders capture Antioch after an 8-month siege.
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28 Jun 1098The Crusaders defeat a large Muslim army sent to recapture Antioch.
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7 Jun 1099The Crusader army arrives at the walls of Jerusalem, the objective of the First Crusade.
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17 Jun 1099A small fleet of Genoese and English ships arrives at Jaffa bringing essential supplies for siege weapons to the First Crusaders at Jerusalem.
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10 Jul 1099Siege towers are built by the First Crusaders to better attack Jerusalem.
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15 Jul 1099Jerusalem is captured during the First Crusade.
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10 Aug 1099A Muslim army is sent to recapture Jerusalem but is defeated by the Crusaders at the battle of Ascalon.
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17 May 1101Caesarea is captured by the Crusaders.
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26 May 1101Acre is captured by the Crusaders.
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c. 1130Albert of Achen's account of the First Crusade, the 'Jerusalem History", is written based on soldiers accounts.