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553 BCECyrus the Great successfully rebels against the Medes and establishes the Achaemenid Empire of Persia.
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550 BCECyrus the Great defeats Astyages of the Medes and decides to found Pasargadae at the site of the battle.
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c. 546 BCECyrus the Great begins construction of Pasargadae.
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544 BCEFoundation of Cyropolis on the Iaxartes river.
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c. 539 BCECyrus the Great conquers Babylon; the Fertile Crescent is controlled by the Achaemenid Empire (The First Persian Empire).
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530 BCECyrus II killed by the Massagetae of Tomyris' army near the Iaxartes.
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400 BCERemains of Cyrus the Younger's Persian army arrive in Trapezus.
