Caryatid is the name given to an architectural column which takes the form of a standing female figure. The first examples come from ancient Greek architecture and indeed, the most celebrated examples are found in the south porch of the Erechtheion on the acropolis of Athens, the originals of which are now in the city's Acropolis Museum.
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Timeline
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c. 525 BCEThe Treasury of the Siphnians is built at Delphi which included Caryatid architecture.
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421 BCE - 406 BCEThe Erechtheion of Athens acropolis is constructed with six Caryatids in the south porch.