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601Ali ibn Abi Talib is born in Mecca.
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610Ali ibn Abi Talib accepts Islam, and becomes one of the first Muslims.
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619Both, Ali's father Abu Talib, and Prophet Muhammad's first wife Khadija pass away. The year is termed as the year of sorrow.
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622Ali ibn Abi Talib stays behind during the Prophet Muhammad's hegira (migration to Mecca) to return the possessions of people entrusted to the Prophet.
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656 - 661The murder of Caliph Uthman causes the eruption of the First Fitna (civil war). Muawiya surfaces as a major opposer of the Rashidun Caliphate.
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656The Battle of the Camel.
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656 - 661Ali ibn Abi Talib succeeds Uthman to become the fourth and final caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate.
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657Battle of Siffin.
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Jan 657Ali ibn Abi Talib moves his empire's capital to Kufa in Iraq.
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659A peace treaty is signed between the Byzantine Empire and the Rashidun Caliphate.
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661Caliph Ali is assassinated by the Kharijites.
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Mar 670Hasan ibn Ali, Shia Islam's second imam (his father, Ali ibn Abi Talib, being the first imam), is poisoned to death.
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Oct 680Husayn ibn Ali, Shia Islam's third imam, is beheaded by Yazid I's force at the Battle of Karbala in present-day Iraq.
