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Article
Polynesian Navigation & Settlement of the Pacific
Polynesian navigation of the Pacific Ocean and its settlement began thousands of years ago. The inhabitants of the Pacific islands had been voyaging across vast expanses of ocean water sailing in double canoes or outriggers using nothing...

Collection
France v England: The 100 Years' War
There was a bitter rivalry between France and England throughout the 14th and 15th century CE and their frequent battles in this period are now known to history as the Hundred Years' War (1337-1453 CE). In this collection of resources, we...

Definition
Ferdinand Magellan
Ferdinand Magellan, or Fernão de Magalhães (c. 1480-1521), was a Portuguese mariner whose expedition was the first to circumnavigate the globe in 1519-22 in the service of Spain. Magellan was killed on the voyage in what is today the Philippines...

Definition
Kon-Tiki Expedition - Thor Heyerdahl's Epic Crossing of the Pacific in a Raft
The Kon-Tiki expedition of 1947, led by the Norwegian Thor Heyerdahl (1914-2002), successfully crossed 8,000 km (5,000 miles) of the Pacific Ocean from Peru to the Tuamotu Islands on a balsa-wood raft. The aim of the expedition was to demonstrate...

Definition
Vasco Núñez de Balboa
Vasco Núñez de Balboa (1475-1519) was a Spanish conquistador who famously discovered the Pacific Ocean after crossing the isthmus of Panama in 1513. An utterly ruthless adventurer and colonizer, Balboa was as much a danger to his fellow conquistadors...

Video
Lecture 6. Raven: The Trickster of the Pacific Coast
Explore the breathtaking, rugged, and misty landscapes of the North American Pacific Coast, showcasing towering cedar trees that stand like ancient sentinels. Witness the dynamic interaction between the powerful ocean waves and the rocky...

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Traditional Pacific Island Tattoo Tools
Instruments for traditional Pacific Island tattoos: hāhau (tapping stick) made of ulei wood, moli (tattoo tool) made of wood and bone, and apu paʻu (ink bowl), made of jade. Date unknown.

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Dispersal of Austronesian People Across the Pacific
A map outlining the migratory paths of Austronesian speaking populations, including estimated dates.

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The Eastern Hemisphere, 100 BC
A map showing the major empires, kingdoms, tribes, and ethnic groups of the Eastern Hemisphere in 100 BC.

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The Bosporan Kingdom, c.100 CE
This map illustrates the rise and development of the Bosporan Kingdom (c. 480 BCE – 341 CE), an ancient state located around the Bosphorus Kimmerios (Kerch Strait), encompassing parts of the eastern Crimea and the Taman Peninsula. Founded...