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The Bar-Kochba Revolt
Definition by Benjamin Kerstein

The Bar-Kochba Revolt

The Bar Kochba Revolt (132–136 CE) was the third and final war between the Jewish people and the Roman Empire. It followed a long period of tension and violence, marked by the first Jewish uprising of 66-70 CE, which ended with the destruction...
Cave of Letters
Definition by Jenni Irving

Cave of Letters

Everyone is aware of the Dead Sea Scrolls, but few realise that these were just one find in a region which continues to yield hundreds of finds significant to our understanding of lives in the first centuries CE, the Jewish revolts and the...
Mars
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Mars

Mars was the Roman god of war and second only to Jupiter in the Roman pantheon. Although most of the myths involving Mars were borrowed from the Greek god of war Ares, Mars did have some uniquely Roman features. Mars is considered more level-headed...
Champ de Mars Massacre
Definition by Harrison W. Mark

Champ de Mars Massacre

The Champ de Mars Massacre was an incident that took place on 17 July 1791, when soldiers of the National Guard under the Marquis de Lafayette opened fire on a crowd of demonstrators, who were calling for a referendum on the king's abdication...
Bar Kochba Coin
Image by Nick Thompson

Bar Kochba Coin

Silver and bronze coins were struck by the Bar Kokhba administration between 132-135 CE over the top of Roman coins. Some bear Bar Kokhba's name and his title "Prince of Israel"; others bear the phrases "for the freedom of Jerusalem" or "for...
Temple of Mars Ultor, Rome
Article by Mark Cartwright

Temple of Mars Ultor, Rome

The Temple of Mars Ultor stands in the Forum of Augustus in Rome and was built to commemorate Augustus' victory in 42 BCE at the Battle of Philippi over the assassins of Julius Caesar. The building became the place where important military...
Kfar Bar'am Synagogue
Image by MASQUERAID

Kfar Bar'am Synagogue

The ruins of the 3rd century CE synagogue at Kfar Bar'am, northern Israel.
Micklegate Bar, York
Image by Andy D'Agorne

Micklegate Bar, York

Micklegate Bar, York, one of the medieval gates of the city. The gate was first built in the 12th century CE and then extended upwards in the 14th century CE.
Bar Kochba Administration Weight
Image by Nick Thompson

Bar Kochba Administration Weight

Inscribed lead weight, 803.6 grams used to ensure fair dealing in markets. It was issued by the administration of Simon Bar Kochba (son of the star) during the revolt of 132-135 CE. It was found at Beth Guvrin, one of his administrative centres...
The Ancient Celtic Pantheon
Article by Mark Cartwright

The Ancient Celtic Pantheon

The ancient Celtic pantheon consisted of over 400 gods and goddesses who represented everything from rivers to warfare. With perhaps the exception of Lugh, the Celtic gods were not universally worshipped across Iron Age Europe but were very...
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