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Byzantine Empire
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Byzantine Empire

The Byzantine Empire existed from 330 to 1453. It is often called the Eastern Roman Empire or simply Byzantium. The Byzantine capital was founded at Constantinople by Constantine I (r. 306-337). The Byzantine Empire varied in size over the...
Byzantine Coinage
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Byzantine Coinage

The coinage of the Byzantine Empire continued that of its more ancient predecessors and functioned as a convenient method of payment for goods and services, especially to soldiers and officials, and as a means for people to pay their taxes...
Byzantine Gooseherd Mosaic
Image by Hagia Sophia Research Team

Byzantine Gooseherd Mosaic

The gooseherd: A boy and a girl herding two geese are depicted in this mosaic. Great Palace Mosaic Museum, Istanbul, Turkey. Period: Early Byzantine, circa 6th. century CE. Place: Constantinople, (Modern Istanbul, Turkey). Great Palace Mosaic...
Mosaic
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Mosaic

Mosaics are designs and images created using small pieces (tesserae) of stone or other materials which have been used to decorate floors, walls, ceilings, and precious objects since before written records began. Like pottery, mosaics have...
Byzantine Art
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Byzantine Art

Byzantine art (4th - 15th century CE) is generally characterised by a move away from the naturalism of the Classical tradition towards the more abstract and universal, there is a definite preference for two-dimensional representations, and...
The Great Palace of Constantinople
Article by Mark Cartwright

The Great Palace of Constantinople

The Great Palace of Constantinople was the magnificent residence of Byzantine emperors and their court officials which included a golden throne room with wondrous mechanical devices, reception halls, chapels, treasury, and gardens. In use...
Bear Hunting a Lamb, Byzantine Mosaic
Image by Hagia Sophia Research Team

Bear Hunting a Lamb, Byzantine Mosaic

Bear hunting a lamb, Byzantine Mosaic. Period: Early Byzantine, circa 6th. century C.E. Place: Constantinople, (Modern Istanbul, Turkey). Great Palace Mosaic Museum, Istanbul, Turkey. The Great Palace Mosaic Museum was inaugurated in 1987...
Herdsman Milking a Goat, Byzantine Mosaic
Image by Hagia Sophia Research Team

Herdsman Milking a Goat, Byzantine Mosaic

Herdsman milking a goat: An old bearded shepherd is milking his goat and a boy is holding a milk jug. This scene reflects pastoral life. Period: Early Byzantine, circa 6th. century CE. Place: Constantinople, (Modern Istanbul, Turkey). Great...
Tigriss-Griffin Byzantine Mosaic
Image by Hagia Sophia Research Team

Tigriss-Griffin Byzantine Mosaic

The tigriss-griffin: This tigriss (female) Griffin has two horns and wings and a wild look on its face. Crimson drops of blood come out of its mouth. Period: Early Byzantine, circa 6th. century C.E. Place: Constantinople, (Modern Istanbul...
Daily Life in the Byzantine Empire
Article by Mark Cartwright

Daily Life in the Byzantine Empire

Daily life in the Byzantine Empire, like almost everywhere else before or since, largely depended on one's birth and the social circumstances of one's parents. There were some opportunities for advancement based on education, the accumulation...
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