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Roman Warfare
Roman warfare was remarkably successful over many centuries and across many territories. This was due to several important factors. Italy was a peninsula not easily attacked, there was a huge pool of fighting men to draw upon, a disciplined...
Definition
Roman Republic
In the late 6th century BCE, the small city-state of Rome overthrew the shackles of monarchy and created a republican government that, in theory if not always in practice, represented the wishes of its citizens. From this basis the city would...
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Marcus Furius Camillus
Marcus Furius Camillus (c. 445/446-365 BCE), the first great general of the Roman Republic. ("Promptuarii Iconum Insigniorum", 16th century CE)
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Villanovan Biconical Funerary Urn
A biconical funerary urn with incised decoration from the Villanovan culture of central Italy. From Chiusi, 8th century BCE. (National Etruscan Museum, Florence)
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Villanovan House Funerary Urn
A terracotta funerary urn in the form of a house from the Villanovan culture of central Italy. 8th century BCE. (Walters Art Museum, Baltimore, USA)
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Regolini-Galassi Tomb
The Regolini-Galassi Tomb is located in the Etruscan town of Cerveteri (aka Cisra or Caere) near the western coast of central Italy, around 50 km north of Rome. Cerveteri flourished between the 7th and 4th century BCE and has hundreds of...
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The Sack of Rome by the Gauls, 390 BCE
After the Gauls defeated the Romans at the confluence of the Tiber and the Allia rivers, the Gauls marched on to Rome. In late July 390 BCE, the undefended city fell to the invaders to be burnt and sacked. Only on the Capitol Hill, did a...
Definition
Ancient Greek Government
Ancient Greece witnessed a wide variety of government systems as people searched for the answers to such fundamental questions as who should rule and how? Should sovereignty lie in the rule of law, the constitution, officials, or the citizens...
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Bronze Villanovan Harness Piece
A bronze horse harness piece from the Villanovan culture of central Italy. 9th-8th century BCE. (Los Angeles County Museum of Art)
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Villanovan Bronze Helmet
A Villanovan bronze helmet, 8th century BCE. Poggio alle Croci necropolis, near Volterra, central Italy. (Museo Guarnacci, Volterra)