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Map showing sites and presence associated with the Aurignacian culture, usually attributed to the first modern humans who arrived in Europe around 45,000 years ago.

Spear thrower made out of bone and decorated with a carving of a horse's head. It belongs to the western European Magdalenian culture (c. 17,000 - c. 10,000 years ago) of the Late- or Upper Palaeolithic industry (c. 50,000/40,000 c. 10,000...

The Olduvai Gorge monument in Tanzania consists of large-scale sculpted models of Paranthropus boisei and Homo habilis resting on a stone platform. The monument welcomes visitors as they reach the road leading to the gorge and its museum...

Harpoons and Lyngby Axe (an axe made of antler) dated to around the 11th millennium BCE and belonging to the Mesolithic Age. It is on display at the Archaeological Museum of the state of Brandenburg in Germany.

The Reign of Terror, or simply the Terror (la Terreur), was a climactic period of state-sanctioned violence during the French Revolution (1789-99), which saw the public executions and mass killings of thousands of counter-revolutionary 'suspects'...

Ancient China produced what has become the oldest extant culture in the world. The name 'China' comes from the Sanskrit Cina (derived from the name of the Chinese Qin Dynasty, pronounced 'Chin') which was translated as 'Cin' by the Persians...

The sculpture of ancient Greece from 800 to 300 BCE took inspiration from Egyptian and Near Eastern monumental art, and evolved into a uniquely Greek vision of the art form. Greek artists captured the human form in a way never before seen...

Guilds of merchants and craft workers were formed in medieval Europe so that their members could benefit from mutual aid. Guilds ensured production standards were maintained and that competition was reduced. In addition, by members acting...

The Etruscan civilization flourished in central Italy between the 8th and 3rd century BCE. The culture was renowned in antiquity for its rich mineral resources and as a major Mediterranean trading power. Much of its culture and even history...

The ancient Celts were various tribal groups living in parts of western and central Europe in the Late Bronze Age and through the Iron Age (c. 700 BCE to c. 400 CE). Given the name Celts by ancient writers, these tribes and their culture...