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Estuary Chain from Constantinople
Photo of a part of the linked chain which blocked access to the Golden Horn harbor of Constantinople.
Istanbul Archaeology Museum.

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Binbirderek Cistern, Constantinople
Part of the Binbirderek cistern or Cistern of Philoxenos under Istanbul (formerly Constantinople) first built in 330 CE to hold the city's water reserves which were fed by conduits and aqueducts.

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Mehmed II Conquering Constantinople
Mehmed II conquering Constantinople, oil on canvas painting by Fausto Zonaro, 1903.
Dolmabahçe Palace, Istanbul.

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Horses from the Hippodrome of Constantinople
Four bronze horses which were once part of a chariot group which stood atop the monumental entrance gate of the Hippodrome of Constantinople. They are now in St. Mark's cathedral, Venice, Italy after being taken as booty in 1204 CE during...

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Valens Aqueduct, Constantinople
A remaining section of the aqueduct built by Emperor Valens in the 4th century CE in Constantinople.

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Basilica Cistern, Constantinople
One of two monumental Medusa carvings which hold up columns in the Basilica Cistern of Istanbul (formerly Constantinople). The cistern was constructed in the 6th century BCE reusing the Medusa blocks from an earlier Roman building. One Medusa...

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Map of the Surroundings of Constantinople, 1909 - Published by the War Office, United Kingdom
This antique map of Turkey depicts the surroundings of Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) and was published by the British War Office in 1909. It offers a detailed view of the region at the beginning of the 20th century, reflecting both...

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Thomas the Slav Attacks Constantinople
An illustration from a 12th century CE manuscript depicting Thomas the Slav besieging Constantinople 821-823 CE. (Madrid Skylitzes, National Library, Madrid)

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Plan of the Hippodrome of Constantinople
A plan showing the layout and location of the Hippodrome of Constantiople, in use from the 3rd to 13th century CE.

Definition
Emperor Zeno
Zeno was Byzantine emperor from 474 until 491 CE. An ethnic Isaurian, Zeno was repeatedly criticized as an outsider during his reign, which was full of rebellions and attacks by the Ostrogoths. He is best known for his failed attempt to compromise...