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Battle of the Eurymedon, c. 466 BCE
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Battle of the Eurymedon, c. 466 BCE

The Battle of the Eurymedon (c. 466 BCE, also given as the Battle of the Eurymedon River) was a military engagement between the Greeks of the Delian League and the forces of the Achaemenid Empire toward the end of the reign of Xerxes I (r...
Persian Art - Zendebad Iran
Video by IranHistory

Persian Art - Zendebad Iran

Persian art from Persepolis, Persian Art generally, Persian History, Iran, Architecture, Persian Garden, Persian Painting.
Battle of Marathon
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Battle of Marathon

The Battle on the plain of Marathon in September 490 BCE between Greeks and the invading forces of Persian king Darius I (r. 522-486 BCE) was a victory that would go down in folklore as the moment the Greek city-states showed the world their...
Shahnameh
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Shahnameh

The Shahnameh (“Book of Kings”, composed 977-1010 CE) is a medieval epic written by the poet Abolqasem Ferdowsi (l. c. 940-1020 CE) in order to preserve the myths, legends, history, language, and culture of ancient Persia. It is the longest...
Statue of the Egypto-Persian Ptahhotep
Image by James Blake Wiener

Statue of the Egypto-Persian Ptahhotep

This statue of Ptahhotep (who was the Overseer of the Treasury) is shown in a Persian costume that Egyptian officials adopted when Egypt was under Persian control. The jacket with flaring sleeves, over which a skirt is wrapped, is complemented...
Battle of Plataea
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Battle of Plataea

The Battle of Plataea was a land battle between Greeks and Persians near the small town of Plataea in Boeotia in 479 BCE. Following up their naval victory at the Battle of Salamis in September 480 BCE against the same enemy, the Greeks again...
Coin of a Persian Satrap
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Coin of a Persian Satrap

In the Persian Empire, some regional governors (satraps) were authorized to issue coins for military purposes. They combine Persian and Greek imagery, showing a satrap's head and a local reverse image. These are some of the earliest coin...
Coins Depicting a Persian Satrap
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Coins Depicting a Persian Satrap

In the Persian Empire, some regional governors (satraps) were authorized to issue coins for military purposes. They combine Persian and Greek imagery, showing a strap's head and a local reverse image. These are some of the earliest coin portraits...
Map of the Achaemenid Persian Empire c. 500 BCE
Image by Simeon Netchev

Map of the Achaemenid Persian Empire c. 500 BCE

The Achaemenid Persian Empire emerged in the mid-6th century BCE when Cyrus II (reign 559–530 BCE) united the Persian tribes and overthrew the Median kingdom (c. 550 BCE), establishing a new imperial state that would reshape the political...
Ferdowsi
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Ferdowsi

Abolqasem Ferdowsi (l. c. 940-1020 CE, also given as Abul-Qasem Ferdowsi Tusi, Firdawsi, Firdausi) is the author of the Shahnameh (The Persian Book of Kings), one of the greatest works of world literature and the national epic of Iran. He...
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